Research On The Design Of The Apartment In Tianjin Rural Area Under The Background Of Urbanization

With the development of society and economy and the improvement of people's living standards,the process of urbanization in our country has entered a stage of rapid development.However,urbanization does not mean turning all rural areas into urban areas,nor urban-rural integration as urban and rural areas.Therefore,we can not ignore the construction of rural areas in the process of promoting urbanization.For a long time,rural housings are dominated by peasants'spontaneous construction,lack of professional guidance,unreasonable layout of houses,random space scales,poor sanitation conditions,low living comfort,no fundamental changes in living conditions,and coexistence of various problems.The optimal design of rural residential units not only involves the vital interests of hundreds of millions of rural residents,but also involves many aspects of the healthy and sustainable development of rural residential buildings in our country.It has a great impact and strong practical significance.Based on the background of urbanization,this thesis investigates and analyzes various problems existing in rural residential units,and focuses on the research of rural residential units'design strategies and the model of flat units suitable for the production and living of peasants.First of all,based on the review of the existing literature,we study the development and changes of rural dwelling houses in our country for nearly 30 years,and obtain the information about the changes of rural dwelling houses,per capita living space in rural areas,rural housings,structural materials and supporting facilities.According to China Statistics Yearbook data:the area of newly built residential houses in rural areas increased from 100 million m~2 in 1978 to 951 million m~2 in 2012;and the per capita housing space in rural areas increased from 8.1 m~2 in 1978 to 37.1 m~2 in 2012.After understanding the overall situation of rural housing in our country,through the real investigation of rural residential buildings in Tianjin,the data of each functional space in rural residential buildings in Tianjin are analyzed,and then the status of rural residential buildings in Tianjin is analyzed.The existing problems in rural residential buildings are analyzed.Secondly,on the basis of the investigation and conclusion,this paper analyzes the development and evolution of apartment functional space in rural areas in recent 30 years and summarizes the factors that affect the development and evolution of rural residential houses in Tianjin in order to provide references for the design of residential units in rural areas in Tianjin.Then,in view of the status questions of rural housing in Tianjin area,combined with the current policy of urban and rural development and the background of urbanization,put forward the principles and methods of apartment layout.On the basis of the above research results,starting from the standard of rural residential land area in Tianjin,design a plan apartment for different types of households living in rural areas of Tianjin.The research results of this paper can provide basic data and methods for the optimal design of rural residential units in Tianjin,and provide reference for the new rural construction in the future.