Simulation Analysis And Optimization Design Of Electric Vehicle Suspension System

Automobile suspension is the main part that connects the body and tires,and is the assembly component that transmits various torques during the driving process of the vehicle.Therefore,the level of its design directly determines the stability,smoothness and driving safety of the vehicle.Based on the real vehicle data model of a certain electric vehicle,this paper establishes the subsystem models of the suspension,and carries out the simulation test and optimization design of the front and rear suspension structure.Then,each subsystem after optimization is used to build the whole vehicle model,and the operation stability of the whole vehicle is simulated and analyzed through two commonly used whole vehicle simulation tests,and the experimental results are analyzed to finally determine whether it conforms to the national standard,so as to draw the optimized conclusion.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)Firstly,the advantages and current situation of electric vehicles are introduced,and provided a brief introduction on the research status of suspension system simulation analysis and optimization at home and abroad.After that,the method of analyzing and optimizing suspension system with virtual prototype technology is introduced.We also introduced the process to build front and rear suspension system,tire and steering subsystem by using hard point data in the simulation software ADAMS/Car.(2)The suspension test bench is used in the simulation software to analyze the change of the suspension data in the process of moving up and down with the wheel through the simulation test.Since the parameters of the test object model need to be improved,it is necessary to find out the unreasonable positioning parameters of the front and rear suspension system of the electric vehicle in the process of wheel jumping through this test.In this paper,the main research content is only aimed at wheel positioning parameters,wheel pitch changes and suspension stiffness,without suspension damping and stress analysis.(3)According to the analysis and comparison of test results,optimization analysis is mainly carried out on steering wheel positioning parameters and spring stiffness.In order to avoid the impact of subsequent data optimization on the previously optimized data,optimization sequence of suspension stiffness and wheel positioning parameters shall be followed.After optimization,under the premise that the change of wheel jump of steering wheel positioning parameter is as small as possible,the tendency of understeering can be ensured at the same time.In this way,the tire wear can be reduced to the maximum extent and the tire can be guaranteed to have sufficient ground performance;In addition,the optimization results also include the reduction of the roll center height of the suspension,which has a favorable effect on the stability of the vehicle,the performance of keeping straight line and the lightness of steering.(4)In the last part of the paper,the simulation test of the virtual whole prototype is carried out to analyze the performance of the vehicle in operation stability.According to the test results,the performance of the optimized electric vehicle is evaluated,and the good handling stability is finally achieved.In this study,a reasonable suspension system scheme was successfully selected after the simulation and analysis on the front and rear suspension systems of the electric vehicle.This can greatly shortens the development time of the electric vehicle,and also reduces the economic cost.Moreover,it lays a certain experimental and technical foundation for the electric vehicle design and performance improvement.