Study On Risk Allocation Of General Contract Of Construction Project

In recent years,with the introduction of a series of policies to promote the development of the general contracting model in the field of construction,the general contracting model has been accepted and adopted by more owners.The owner who adopts the general contracting mode contracts with the contractor to contract out the procurement,design,construction and other stages of the project.Compared with the traditional contract mode,the general contract mode has the advantages of highly unified responsibility,power and interests,convenient for the owner's management,and shorter construction period.However,at the same time,there are various risk factors in the process of project implementation due to the large number of implementation stages and long cycle of general contracting projects.Efficient risk management is the key to avoiding risk and reducing losses.Risk allocation is one of the core contents of risk management.By establishing a reasonable risk allocation scheme between owners and contractors,it can fully mobilize the risk management enthusiasm of both sides and improve the efficiency of project risk management,so as to ensure the smooth implementation of the project.Based on the process and method of risk allocation of general contracting project,this paper provides a basis for establishing a reasonable risk sharing scheme between the owner and the contractor,and gives some reasonable suggestions.Firstly,on the basis of literature research,this paper defines the general contracting model,risk and risk allocation,risk utility and other relevant conceptual theories,so as to determine the research scope of this paper.At the same time,the risk allocation principle is determined by combing and studying the risk allocation principle,and the application method of risk allocation principle is given in the form of flow chart.On this basis,the risk allocation framework of the general contracting project is established,and the risk allocation process is divided as the basis for risk allocation.Secondly,before the initial risk allocation,the risk identification is carried out by factor decomposition method,the risk of general contracting project is divided into endogenous and exogenous risk based on the source of risk,and then the risk is divided into three risk factors by gradual refinement.According to the framework of risk allocation,the paper takes the model contract and the principle of risk allocation as the basis for the classification of risk sharing type in the initial risk allocation stage.By comparing and studying the specific provisions of FIDIC and the model text of China's construction project general contract demonstration text,comparing the tendency of risk allocation and combining the application of the principle of risk allocation,the preliminary result of risk allocation is obtained.The risk is divided into shared risk and non-shared risk,and the non-shared risk allocation subject is determined.Third,in the stage of comprehensive risk allocation,the paper considers the negotiating position of the owner and contractor according to the principle of riskand-benefit reciprocity,risk effective control and willingness to bear risk,and establishes the optimal risk allocation proportion calculation model based on utility theory with the goal of maximizing both sides'risk utility.Finally,the paper takes a actual general contracting project case as the research object,identifies the specific risk factors according to the risk allocation process and method,and distributes them between the parties to the contract.At the same time,the operability and rationality of the model are verified by the method of data simulation.Through the analysis of the results of risk allocation,the suggestion of risk allocation is given from the three angles of the owner,the general contractor and the contract.