Study On Adaptability Characteristics Of Great Wall Military Settlement In Datong Town Of Ming Dynasty

The Great Wall is an important cultural heritage in China.In the new era,higher requirements are placed on the overall protection of the Great Wall.As an important part of the defense system of the Great Wall,the military settlements of the Great Wall deserve further study.The research on the adaptability of military settlements and their natural,social,and economic environments is an important aspect of expanding the Great Wall value system,which also provides a basis for the protection of military settlements.This paper takes 72 military settlements in Ming Datong town as the research object,aiming to study the adaptability characteristics of the settlements under the comprehensive environment.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:Firstly,based on the basic elements of settlement adaptability,this paper expounds the natural environment,social and cultural environment,economic and technological environment of Datong military settlement,and summarizes its formation process and hierarchy.Secondly,this paper studies the adaptability of settlements to natural environment,social and cultural environment and economic and technological environment.Natural environment includes natural geographical environment and natural climate environment.For the natural geographical environment,its influence on settlements in macroscopic distribution and site selection was studied.A maximum entropy model was built to explore the influence mode and contribution of each environmental factor on site selection of settlements.For the natural climate environment,its influence on the military strategy and building materials of the settlement is analyzed.The influence of social and cultural environment on settlements is reflected in the military defense needs.As a consequence,the settlements have formed overall layouts and internal shape suitable for it.For the overall layouts of the settlements,this paper summarizes their three characteristics: 1)the hierarchical and radioactive layout centered on Datong city,2)the linear and deep layout with the Great Wall as the vein.3)local multi-fort joint defense structure.For the internal form of the settlement,this paper analyzes the defense system of the city wall,the form and spatial layout of roads,the type and form of buildings.The impact of the economic and technological environment is reflected in the internal production supply demand and external commercial trade demand.The production supply demand has spawned the military supply system,and the commercial trade demand has spawned the border marketing system.This paper analyzes the formation process,scale and form layout of them.Finally,this paper summarizes the regional landscape system of military settlements,studies their status quo and evolution mechanism,and finally puts forward several adaptive protection strategies of the military settlements in Ming Datong Town.