Research On The Protection And Renewal Of Shengjing Historical And Cultural Block Based On Symbiosis

China’s cultural heritage protection pays extra attention to the protection of historical and cultural blocks,which contain rich material and intangible cultural heritage and have high artistic research and comprehensive value.In 2016,the State Council proposed to complete the designation of historical and cultural blocks within five years.In recent years,Liaoning province has completed the registration of twelve historical and cultural blocks,and the protection of blocks is in full swing.Most of the existing protection and renewal strategies cannot sustain the vitality of the block,and fail to realize the symbiosis between the block and the urban function,space,culture and other aspects.Symbiosis theory originated from biology has been applied to urban planning for a long time,which has been recognized by experts and scholars.The introduction of symbiosis theory in block protection,the construction of symbiosis system and the updating of symbiosis strategy are conducive to the establishment of a good symbiosis relationship and collaborative development between blocks and historic districts.Taking Shengjing Imperial City as the research object,this paper comprehensively carries out the research of applying the theory to block protection and renewal from the micro,meso and macro levels.Firstly,the connotation of symbiosis theory was studied,the concept of symbiosis theory was clarified,the connotation and extension of symbiosis and the classification of symbiosis system were deeply studied,and the symbiosis system of Shengjing Imperial City was deeply studied.In indirect method according to the actuality of shengjing imperial city building function,further to the space layout,build simple reaction symbiosis energy levels and symbiotic degree evaluation system,using the analytic hierarchy process(ahp)to establish a system layer and index layer,extraction index weights are given to factor index Score and accounting scores,respectively to Z-Score system,target layer standard Score calculated symbiosis energy levels,inspection system layer symbiotic coordination degree,symbiotic energy index of low layer.External symbiotic adopt single symbiotic system,determine the symbiotic system of each subsystem is the three elements of symbiosis,on the basis of system layer symbiosis efficiency evaluation system to build four symbiotic interface,analysis of present situation and problems,from all walks of life the symbiosis from all walks of life the symbiosis strategy is determined,so as to realize the integration of external shengjing imperial city symbiotic,specific symbiosis strategy is as follows: functional symbiotic interface to moderate land use change character,accurate positioning function;The symbiosis strategy is to optimize public transportation,static traffic management and construct slow traffic.The symbiotic interface of historical resources should be collectively improved and moderately developed.The study of symbiosis system in blocks adopts the research method of multiple subsystems.Three subsystems are established according to the block components to build a perfect symbiosis system in blocks.First of all,the current status of buildings,courtyards and streets as components of the block is evaluated and classified.Different categories are regarded as different symbiotic units,and the symbiotic model and environment are combined to build the subsystem symbiotic system.In view of the characteristics of cogeneration units in the constructed symbiotic system,the appropriate symbiotic strategies are proposed as follows: space insertion,space superposition and space juxtaposition in the architectural symbiotic strategy;According to the differences in the nature of symbiotic units,the strategy of courtyard symbiosis can be divided into traditional courtyard,low-rise residential courtyard and high-density residential courtyard.The street symbiosis strategy is discussed from the following three aspects: color coordination of street facade,texture of old and new skin,progressive translation and symbiosis of details,integration of urban landscape,integration of cultural landscape,remodeling of bearing landscape,and integration of new and traditional formats.