The Effects Of Different Linolenic Acid Level Diets On The Growth Performance And Meat Quality Of The Finishing Pigs

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of different linolenic acid levels and feed composition diets on growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality of the finishing pigs and measursing genes expression levels related with fat mechanism to study the regulating principle,providing theoretical foundation and scientific basis for the application of different linolenic acid level diets on finishing pigs.The experiments are as follows:Exp ?: Effects of different linolenic acid level diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indicators,and meat quality of finishing pigs900 Duroc × Landrace × Large White fattening pigs,about 60 kg body weight,were divided into five treatments,with 3 replicates each treatment and 60 pigs each replicate by using random block designe.Five groups included basic diet group(the control group),10% alfalfa meal group,20% alfalfa meal group,the soybean oil group(Lionlenic acid level is consistent with 10% alfalfa meal group),and linseed oil group(Lionlenic acid level is consistent with 20% alfalfa group),respectively.The experiment was conducted for 67 days,Which official period lasted 60 d The results showed that: 1)The daily gain of 10% alfalfa meal group was significantly higher than those of 20% alfalfa meal group and linseed oil group,and that was increased comparied to control group and soybean oil group.2)Lean meat of the pigs from the two alfalfa meal groups is higher than those from the other 3 groups,however,their dressing percentage were lower.Eye muscle areas of the pigs of experimental groups were higher than that of the control group,and that of the 10% alfalfa meal group was the highest.Otherwise,the Marble and flesh of the two alfalfa meal group,was better than that of the soybean oil and linseed oil group.3)The levels of total protein,albumin and glucose in serum in the four test groups were higher than those in the control group,and the glucose contents of 10% alfalfa meal group and linseed oil group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and there was no significant difference between 20% alfalfa meal group and soybean oil group and control group;Comparing with the control group,the nitrogen contents of the four test groups were significantly decreased,and that of 10% alfalfa meal group was significantly lower than the two oil groups;the low density lipoprotein levels of four test groups were also reduced and the high density lipoprotein levels were increased in the four test groups,however,low density lipoprotein levels had only significant difference between 10% alfalfa meal group and linseed oil group and the control group.4)The contents of flavored amino acids and essential amino acids of four test groups were improved,and those of 2 alfalfa meal groups and Linseed oil group were significantly higher than the control group,which had not significant difference among three test groups.Compared with the control group,the saturated fatty acid(including palmitic acid and stearic acid)contents of the pigs from the four experimental groups were reduced,while the polyunsaturated fatty acid(including linoleic acid and linolenic acid)contents were increased;and the linolenic acid deposited in the meat in alfalfa meal was higher than that in plant oils.Exp 2: The effect of different dietary composition on on gene expression levels related with lipid metabolismThe selection,grouping,and management of experimental animals were consistent with experiment 1.After the experiment 1,15 pigs were slaughtered,one pig each replicate,the genes expression levels associated with fat metabolism in liver was assayed of,which included liver protection(LXR),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR?),fatty acid synthase(FAS),and acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC).Quantitative fluorescence analysis was performed in the experiment.The results were as followed,the PPAR? expression levels of the four experimental groups were increased and the expression levels of LXR,ACC and FAS were decreased.The expression levels of PPAR? in linseed oil group was higher than that those of other experimental groups,indicating that the genes expression levels of adipose tissue and related transcription factors of four experimental groups were influenced by using different diets.All results indicated that it was useful to increase animal production performance,and improve meat quality and the economic benefits by adding 10% alfalfa meal in the diet,and the deposited effect of the linolenic acid the alfalfa meal in pork was better than plant oils.