Problems And Solutions Research Of Sichuan Ecological Benefit Compensation Fund

The forestry ecological construction in Sichuan Province started early,and the total amount of forest resources ranked the second in the country.Before the mid-1990 s,logging made a great contribution to the national construction.In 1998,the torrential floods sounded the alarm of environmental deterioration.Uncontrolled logging brought serious consequences to resources and environment.The state decided to start two major forestry projects: natural forest protection and conversion of farmland to forestry.Through the projects of afforestation of barren hills,aerial seeding,returning cultivated land to forestry,and restoration of forest vegetation,the forest coverage rate of the whole province has risen to 38.03%,and is expected to exceed 40% by 2022.The forest ecological benefit compensation fund discussed in this paper is a fund set up by governments at all levels for the construction,tending,protection and management of public welfare forests according to law,and is the largest sub-project of natural forest protection project.Collective forests account for 80% of the total compensation area of public welfare forests in Sichuan Province.Project funds are mainly used to compensate forest owners according to the division of forest rights.The current system of confirming the right of rural forest land is not perfect,and the compensation fund is essentially agricultural subsidies,but also has a certain nature of labor costs,so project management is difficult and problems occur frequently.According to the survey data,the related project problems often occur at the rural grassroots level: there are a lot of problems such as inadequate compensation,unrealized,illegal expenditure or misappropriation.Despite the continuous improvement of relevant management regulations,financial system and internal control of grass-roots project management units,in recent years,the problems exposed by the project are still on the rise in special audits,audits and other external inspections.Previous research on improving project management mainly focused on administrative means such as policy formulation,industry supervision,auditing,inspection and sports inspection.In this paper,problems are raised,problems are analyzed,defects of existing management methods are reviewed,new solutions are put forward,and a new compound management model is explored.This system covers the whole process of project establishment,implementation,acceptance and feedback,and combines the fragmentation measures to prevent problems and improve ecological efficiency.Benefits,the purpose of safeguarding farmers' rights and interests.According to the theory of pure public goods in welfare economics,eco-environmental protection does not have the competitiveness and exclusiveness of consumption.It belongs to the typical pure public goods and should be provided by the government.However,under the condition that most of the woodlands and trees are privately owned,the government can not afford to purchase all private public welfare forests,nor can it protect all privately owned forest resources.Providing enough public goods,the government excludes non-payers by taxation,and purchases the ecological benefits of collective public welfare forests by subsidizing farmers with financial(tax revenue)funds.In the process of functional transformation,the role of the government should be to ensure the sustainable provision of forest ecological benefits through legislative safeguards and policy implementation: first,to improve and increase subsidies so that farmers are willing to keep public forest land;second,to define property rights when purchasing public goods from private hands;third,to ensure the implementation of management responsibilities from the perspective of project supervision and to eliminate negative externality.In addition,under the limited administrative conditions,through the combination of administrative protection of grass-roots staff and democratic governance at the grass-roots level in rural areas,as a supplement to the government's purchase of public goods from the private sector,we can better cope with the loss of compensation resources at the grass-roots level by embezzlement and misappropriation.