| Cultivated land is an indispensable input factor in the agricultural production process and a valuable resource for human survival and development.China is a developing country with fewer people and more land.The demand for agricultural products such as grain and vegetables is huge,so it puts higher requirements on the output efficiency of cultivated land.In the process of arable land utilization,a large amount of input of electricity,diesel,fertilizer,pesticides and other factors has promoted the improvement of farmland output efficiency.However,the resulting ecological and environmental problems pose challenges to the sustainable use of cultivated land.What is the efficiency of China's cultivated land output while taking into account economic and ecological benefits? This paper studies the temporal and spatial dynamics of cultivated land green yield in China under carbon emission constraints and its influencing factors,in order to provide feasible suggestions for improving the efficiency of cultivated land use and promoting sustainable use of cultivated land.This paper first examines the economic output rate of cultivated land and the material output rate of cultivated land in 29 provinces(cities,autonomous regions)of China from 1995 to 2016 through the single factor output rate index.On this basis,refer to the 2006 IPCC List to calculate the carbon emissions of cultivated land use in each province during the inspection period.It is further included as a non-expected output index into the total factor framework.The green yield rate and its spatial and temporal dynamics and influencing factors of China's cultivated land from 1995 to 2016 are empirically analyzed through the ISP index based on input slack.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The material yield rate of cultivated land in China increased from 3.39 tons/ha in 1995 to 5.22 tons/ha in 2016.The economic output rate of cultivated land in China increased from RMB79,900/ha in 1995 to RMB12,900/ha in 2016;The average growth rate of the cultivated land material yield rate and the cultivated land economic output rate in the year-2016 was 2.420% and 2.419%,respectively.(2)The spatial evolution trend of China's cultivated land economic output rate shows the spatial characteristics of “high in the east and low in the central and western regions”;while the material yield rate of cultivated land in China shows the spatial evolution trend of “north expansion and westward advancement”.The degree of “farm economic output rate gap” at the provincial level is higher than that of “farmland material output rate gap”.Further analysis found that the economic output rate of interprovincial cultivated land in China showed a strong spatial correlation,its homogeneity level increased,the heterogeneity level decreased,and the development trend of low level homogenization was further demonstrated.The overall spatial correlation of the material yield rate of inter-provincial cultivated land in China is generally declining.The high homogenization region is transferred from the south and southeast coastal areas to the Bohai Rim region,and the low homogenization region is transferred from the northwest to the southeast.The homogeneity level There was no change in the overall situation.(3)From 1995 to 2016,the green output rate of cultivated land in China increased by an average of 1.26%,and the cumulative progress reached 26.55%.Among them,the green output rate of cultivated land showed a decline of 34.48% of the total;The cumulative change of output rate shows the spatial distribution characteristics of “East > Central > Western”;further analysis of the green productivity of cultivated land in the main grain producing areas shows that the index shows a gradual improvement in time characteristics during the four five-year plan period.The central region has the highest contribution to the green yield of cultivated land in the main grain producing areas.(4)Through the spatial Markov chain to measure the probability of the provinciallevel green transfer rate of different cultivated land types,it is found that the green yield rate of cultivated land in China has a cross-domain transfer phenomenon.Among them,the low-level type of province has a strong ability to increase the green yield of cultivated land.The higher-level,high-level type of cultivated land green yield rate is weaker,and it is vulnerable to the influence of the lower neighborhood,showing a clear “negative spillover” effect.From the overall situation,there is a cross-domain transfer phenomenon of China's cultivated land green output rate.(5)From 1995 to 2016,the annual average of the technological progress of China's cultivated land green yield was 2.70%,and the annual average of technical efficiency was-1.43%.The trend of technological progress was the same as the trend of cultivated land yield.The green yield rate of cultivated land in China is mainly driven by the advancement of agricultural technology;further analysis finds that the increase in the green yield of cultivated land in China is overly dependent on technological progress factors,and the decline in technical efficiency indicates that most of China's provinces exist in agricultural production.Unreasonable allocation of land resources.(6)From 1995 to 2016,the average growth rate of China's agricultural total factor productivity was 1.92%,which was higher than the average growth rate of China's cultivated land green output rate of 1.26%,indicating that the input of cultivated land elements in the survey period was the total factor productivity of agriculture.The contribution is less important.The average growth rate of labor output rate and agricultural water production rate were 6.70% and 1.40%,respectively,indicating that the increase of agricultural total factor productivity depends on the input of labor and agricultural water.(7)Through the analysis of the influencing factors of the green yield of cultivated land,it is found that the per capita agricultural GDP shows a positive correlation with the green yield of cultivated land.The influence of planting structure factors in agriculture is relatively insignificant,while other factors show a negative correlation.It is indicated that in the process of arable land utilization,we should pay attention to the negative effect of “unexpected” output on production,strengthen the rational allocation of input factors in the process of arable land utilization,and develop green sustainable arable land use methods with low fertilizer and low pesticide input. |
PDF Full Text Request