Study On Family Pastoral Breeding Model And Cooperation Between Pastoral And Enterprise In Inner Mongolia Grassland

Inner Mongolia grassland is an important animal husbandry production base in China and an important green ecological barrier in northern China.The quality of grassland ecological environment is directly related to the herdsmen's quality of life and the ecological security of the three northern regions and even the whole country.Since the 1980 s,a new pattern of pastoral economy has gradually formed under the "two-power and one-system" land system,in which family pasture is the basic production unit and ecological protection unit.Based on the local natural conditions,resource endowment and market demand,how to achieve sustained and stable income growth of household herdsmen on the basis of protecting grassland ecosystem is an important issue to be studied urgently.How to further promote the stable increase of household herdsmen's income and the sustainable development of animalhusbandry through effective cooperation between animal husbandry enterprises and on the premise of meeting market demand and self-development is also an important issue to be seriously discussed.This paper takes the Alu Korqin Banner of Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as the research area,collects the data of economic status,types and characteristics of farming modes and cooperation between pastoral enterprises of three different Sumu(town)families in Alu Korqin Banner through field questionnaires,and makes a case study of their farming modes in three distinct Sumu(town)mentioned above.To further study its resource development and management characteristics.The comprehensive evaluation system of economic,ecological and social benefits was established by using the analytic hierarchy process.The economic,ecological and social benefits of the three aquaculture modes were analyzed.Finally,the best aquaculture modes were selected and their characteristics were discussed.At the same time,the business model of Chifeng Hongfa Food Co.,Ltd.and its economic,ecological and social benefits are analyzed.According to the data of 30 herdsmen in Shaogen Town,Barachi Rudesumu and Saihantala of Alu Korqin Banner,the average annual net income of family herdsmen in Shaogen Town is about 350,000 yuan,followed by that of Barachi Rudesumu,while that of family herdsmen is only 3,000 yuan.Shaogen Town and Barachi Rudesumu are both semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas.Shaogen Town is a leading industry with beef cattle and mutton sheep as its main industries and grass planting as its characteristic industries.The development of grass planting hasincreased the income of herdsmen.Barachi Rudesumu is a semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral area with mainly pasture.In recent years,the development of dairy industry has led to the economic income of herdsmen.Saihantarasumu is a grazing-based pastoral area.The income of herdsmen is single and is greatly influenced by mutton price and climate conditions.Therefore,the annual net income of the herdsmen in Saihantarasumu is the lowest.Three typical farming modes of family herdsmen in Alu Korqin Banner were selected for case study.They are livestock + agriculture + grass farming mode,farming and animal husbandry + dairy production and sale mode,and traditional grazing mode in pure pastoral area.Comparing the input and output of these three household herdsmen in agricultural cultivation and livestock breeding,we find that the mode of animal husbandry + agriculture + grassland has the highest input cost and the highest net income of about 800,000 yuan,while the mode of combining agriculture with animal husbandry + dairy production and sale has the lowest net income.The comprehensive evaluation index system of economic,social and ecological benefits was established by analytic hierarchy process,and the three typical farming modes of household herdsmen were further evaluated.Through calculation,it was concluded that the farming mode of animal husbandry +agriculture + grass industry was the best in economic,social and ecological benefits.Research shows that Chifeng Hongfa Co.,Ltd.of Alu Korqin Banner in Chifeng City is an enterprise integrating slaughtering,processing,freezing and marketing,mainly slaughtering mutton sheep.In the past four years,Chifeng HongfaFood Company has invested the most sheep in 2016 under the influence of falling mutton prices,but its main business profit is the lowest.Chifeng Hongfa Food Company purchased sheep from herdsmen in the form of the lowest protection price,signed a contract with farmers to buy sheep at a price higher than 0.6 yuan_kg in the market price.While the company obtained benefits,it also ensured the herdsmen's income,protected the herdsmen's enthusiasm for sheep raising,and promoted the development of animal husbandry in Alu Korqin Banner.