Effects Of Different Cultivation Methods On The Growth And Fruiting Of Schisandra Chinensis(Turcz.)Baill

Aiming at the problem of poor high and stable yield of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill(Turcz.)Baill cultivation,this experiment is carried out in three aspects.Based on five-year-old 'Zaohong'varieties and 'Yanhong' planting plants,Carry out a comparative study of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves from different cultivation racks(vertical trellis,pergola trellis),in order to determine the physiological mechanism of premature senescence of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill leaves,and select the optimal cultivation rack for Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill;at the Zuojia Town Base of the Institute of Specialty Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,design three soil tillage methods: ground cover,natural grass,and clearing,and study the physical properties of soil in the orchard,soil nutrients,soil microbial biomass,tree growth,and fruit Yield changes were determined by suitable soil cultivation methods.Two-year-old 'Zaohong' variety tissue culture plants were used as test materials to remove underground stems with three types of all removal,2/3removal and no removal,2/3 removal and no removal.The effects of plant growth,nutrient accumulation,germination rate in the following year,female flower differentiation rate,fruit setting rate etc,in order to determine the appropriate treatment of underground stem.Provide theoretical support for the high and stable yield of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill.The main research results are as follows:1.The number of reaction centers per unit area(RC/CSo)of the 'Zaohong' pergola trellis leaves is lower than that of the 'Zaohong' vertical trellis,and the unit reaction centers absorb(ABS/RC)and capture light energy(TRo/RC)It is higher than the 'Zaohong' vertical trellis,but the light energy used for electron transfer(ETo/CSo)is low,and the remaining light energy will stimulate the production of active oxygen and destroy the membrane structure.'Zaohong' pergola trellis leaves tend to prematurely in the later stages of growth.The ‘Yanhong' leaves of different shacks were all inhibited by light,It reflects the genetic characteristics of the breed itself.2.The soil tillage methods of ground cover and natural grassing have improved the soil moisture content compared to clear tillage.Compared with clear plowing,soil cover and natural grass both increased soil organic matter content,and the available phosphorus,available potassium,soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen of natural grass increased significantly.Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill soil has the most microorganisms,the most bacteria,the least fungi,and the actinomycetes.Natural grass and ground cloth mulch have a good promotion effect on the increase of soil microorganisms in Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill orchard,and the soil microorganisms of both are significantly higher than those of clear cultivation.The diameter of crown,the number of medium and long branches,the proportion of female flowers and the yield of plants covered with natural grass and ground cloth were significantly larger than those of clear tillage.There was no significant difference between natural grass and ground cloth.3.The removal of all underground stems is beneficial to the vegetative growth of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.)Baill plants.Too many underground stems are not conducive to the reproductive growth.The removal of 2/3 of underground stems can significantly increase the female flowerproportion,flower seed setting rate and carpel seed setting rate of the plant.