Research On Negative Construal Of Affirmative Form In Modern Chinese

In Chinese,there exists a type of expression that although in affirmative form,it contains negative meaning in the process of understanding,that is,asymmetrical usage emerges in the category that corresponds to form and meaning.Based on individual cases,this thesis discusses the occurrence mechanism of structural form deviation in different contexts and the pragmatic functions from the perspective of interrogative,imperative and irony context,makes reasonable explanations for the contradiction between form and meaning and further discover and summarize the power sources and the path law of such asymmetric usage.The thesis consists of the following five chapters:Chapter 1 is the introduction and literature review of the text.First of all,it explains the significance of the topic,analyzes the occurrence mechanisms of negative convictions through different constructions,summarizes the common features,deepens the theoretical understanding of Chinese grammar,and provides a practical foundation for Chinese grammar teaching as a second language.Second,it defines the research object,that is,the non-conventional expression of the negative form in the affirmative form of spoken Chinese.Third,supported by structuralist linguistics and cognitive linguistics,it expounds the lexicalization grammaticalization theory and subjectivity subjectivisation theory in the cognitive linguistics that is closely related to this article.It also explains the research methods and data source of this thesis.Finally,it summarizes the research status in related fields of the thesis and points out the research direction.Chapter 2 discusses the basic situation of affirmative and negative categories in modern Chinese,and makes a theoretical analysis of the opposition and neutrality between affirmation and negation in Chinese.Positive categories and negative categories are the most basic semantic categories in Chinese.Under normal circumstances,form and meaning are strictly opposite.That is,the forms and meanings of sentences are symmetrica,but a large number of language facts indicate the existence of formal meaning in Chinese.Some of them are affirmative forms of negative convictions,and some of them are negative forms of affirmative understanding.This chapter discusses affirmative forms of negative convictions.Chapter 3 analyzes the mechanism of construal of affirmative construct from the perspective of interrogative context.The idea of this chapter is that the intrinsic interdependence of the categories of "interrogative" and "negation" drives the affirmative expression to obtain a negative conviction in the interrogative environment.This chapter sums up the expression's common features of negative conviction in imperatives based on the case of "??…" and "??…".That is,the loss of questioned function indicates that the scope is circumstantial,and it is a rejection of all possibilities in the objective existence.Chapter 4 discusses the underlying reasons for affirmative form from the perspective of imperative context.It is based on the case of "(?)?? VP","(?)??VP" and "?? VP",finds that the VP in this context can bring negative effects.In order to avoid interest losses brought by the occurrence of adverse consequences for both parties in the conversation,the speaker warns the listener,leading the structure into negation of understanding.From "worry" to "negation" is the fundamental motivation for the semantic transformation of this kind of expression.Chapter 5 examines the positive form of irony from the perspective of irony and discusses the possible factors of negative comprehension from the perspective of irony in pragmatic dimension.Taking "????" and "??" as cases study,the author finds that the use and understanding of the irony are highly dependent on the tone and attitude of the speaker,thus the subjectivity degree is high."To speak bad things in a good way" is the idiomatic way of the irony.It conforms to the "Politeness Principle",the conflict between "positive form" of the speaker's language and"negative events" in real context enables listeners to grasp the implied meaning through the surface of language,so as to achieve the positive form of negative construal.It is believed that there must be some of the same driving forces behind affirmative forms of negation,and the aim of this thesis is to dig out these driving forces.A lot of authentic materials are examined,and there are many factors in the affirmative interpretation of Chinese negative forms.This thesis is only a case study from the sentence and the pragmatic level to find out the types of characteristics that are implied in a large number of cases.