A Comparative Study Of Russian And Chinese Idioms And Difficulties In Their Translation

Nowadays many aspects of world's civilization depend on links between countries,which can be real or through the internet.Humanity understands that it needs effective communication for surviving and improving its life.In other words,mutual understanding with other countries is in our priority.Russia and China are the most intimate neighbors with the common border more than 4000 km,so these countries are always in cooperation.It happens despite the fact that their cultures differ a lot.It is accepted that language is a part of culture and it plays a significant role in it.Some social scientists consider that culture cannot be without language.In addition,idioms are the important part of national language.Studying of these phenomena helps people to discover the deep soul of nation,understand people from different parts of the Earth better,so that to find the right method of communication with them.This course paper considers idioms as the manifestation of national soul and tries to discover why foreigners cannot understand them.The danger of international communication is cultural differences,because cultural barrier is more difficult than linguistic one: it is not realized before the moment of collision and cultural barrier is more painful than linguistic mistakes.When a person makes mistakes in language,he can lose his reputation;however,cultural misunderstanding leads to ethnical conflicts and even wars.On this case,this paper has topical information against a background of general processes of globalization.The object of this work is idioms of both Russian and Chinese languages and what difficulties a translator can meet in translating idioms.The subject of this study consequently are all the forms of idioms that can exist as phenomena based on Russian and Chinese languages.The objective of this work is to reveal differences in cultural peculiarities of Chinese and Russian idioms and their translation as cause and effect of cultural characters of these countries.This objective can be achieved by the following tasks,overview of main approaches in definition of the word “idioms”,distinguish all forms of idioms in both languages(Russian and Chinese),try to classify idioms of two languages and clearly recognize features of Russian and Chinese characters through idioms,make idioms statistics,find differences in idiomatic expressions of Russian and Chinese idioms,overview areas of idiomatic usage of both languages.The theory of this paper can be used for deepening of conception of these cultures and for lessons which can be given at universities or special schools.The result of the work also necessary should be used for practical lessons and courses.In this work different books are used: Chinese dictionaries of idioms,Russian – English dictionary of Idioms,books that contain the comparison of two cultures and even psychological works were involved.We tried to use the books of culturologists and scientists the competence of who is to believed.Among Russian authors are Smirnitsky,Vinogradov,Rogachev and many others.Among Chinese authors are Wenying Jiang,Zhu Daqiu,Lo and many others.Also,some internet material is used such as the site of ‘Chinese idiomatic stories behind the chengyu' and ‘Chinese writing dictionary'.The work has the consistent structure: it contains four main parts,conclusion,references,Chinese and Russian idioms used for analysis are used for this paper.The first part explains the importance and significance of the idiom in a national language,summarizes the definition,basic characteristics of Chinese and Russian idioms,briefly reviews the current situation of the study of Chinese and Russian idioms and introduces the purposes and objective of the study.The second part contains the analysis of comparison of Russian and Chinese idioms,some statistics of idioms and their usage in both Chinese and Russian languages.The third part consists of a comparative study on Chinese and Russian idioms from the perspective of cultural differences through analysis of the origin of Chinese and Russian idioms,and it points out that Chinese and Russian idioms reflect the humanistic characteristics from the aspects of geographical position,religion and beliefs,historical allusion etc.The fourth part consists of strategies in translating idioms,what difficulties a translator can face while translating idioms and what are the possible translation techniques a translator can use in order to avoid some cultural misunderstanding.