The Study Of Withdrawal From Cooperative In Xianju County In 1957

In May-April 1957,a large-scale retreat was reported in Xianju County,Zhejiang Province.There were 29 townships and towns in 33 towns and townships in the county.The number of farmers entering the county fell from 95% of the total rural households to 16%.And the Zhejiang Provincial Committee pays great attention.Due to the 20% decrease in grain production in 1956 and the 20% reduction in food supply in the year 57,the farmers' dissatisfaction with the government and cooperation has gradually increased.In addition to specific problems such as poor conduct of the cadres,loans from credit unions and rations distribution,some peasants took the lead in harassing grassroots cadres to use the previous suppression ideology and tried to consolidate the cooperatives by means of repression;and the county committees were affected by the new policies of the CPC Central Committee and the Provincial Party Committee.It tends to classify the peasants' troubles as contradictions among the people and less to arrest people.This situation has made rural grass-roots cadres more intensified on the one hand and the peasants' conflicts.On the other hand,they have not received strong support from the state apparatus.As a result,more and more peasants have retired from community activities and eventually swept across Xianju County.Under this circumstance,the Xianju County Committee issued a circular in the Xianju Daily,announcing that it was “entering the society voluntarily and retreating from the community”.As a result,Xianju County cooperatives were completely dismantled.At the lowest level,the farmers entering the community accounted for only 16% of the total farmers.The weapons used by the peasants to fight against government policies-group violence-also disappeared.After the disturbance occurred,the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and Xianju County Committee inspected.As a result of the rectification movement,Yang Xinpei,Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee,regards bureaucracy as the fundamental reason for the disturbances in Xianju County.However,Xianju County Committee and the Provincial Party Committee did not agree with the specific understanding of bureaucracy: Xianju County Committee attributed the bureaucratic responsibility to the old county party committee and actively dealt with the style of the grassroots cadres;the provincial Party Committee blamed the responsibility of presiding over the work of the county party committee.Deputy secretary,Li Yanxin,the county leader.The recognition of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee led the development of the incident.The provincial party committee reorganized the leadership of the county party committee and relied on Li Yanxin's power.At the same time,how to restore agricultural production cooperatives has become a task that is placed in front of county leaders.As the anti-rightist movement progressed,the political atmosphere became tense again,and the views of the original county party committee chaired by the county party chief Li Yanxin on prudent restoration of agricultural cooperatives were severely criticized.Under the leadership of the provincial party committee,the new county party committee arrested the activists and cleared up the stumbling blocks to restore the cooperatives.Since then,Xianju County agricultural cooperation has once again returned to the track.