New Children:Shanghai Child Health Campaign During The Period Of The Republic Of China (1919-1937)

In 1919,The Shanghai Young Women ' s Christian Association held a baby-saving speech in Shanghai to cope with the high mortality of infants,which kicked off the Shanghai child health campaign.The Shanghai Young Women' s and men' s Christian Association became the subject of the first stage in the movement because of their unique American background.The Shanghai special municipal government was founded in 1927 and highly concerned about children's health.The birth of National Child Welfare Association in April of the next year brought the movement to a climax.The organization of the child health campaign and the form of activity is diverse,which has a great impact on the health care of children in Shanghai and the whole country.With the gradual development of the health movement,the theme of the movement also reflected different requirement of the age with the rise and fall of the nation.In the background of national crisis,especially after the September 18 th incident,the health movement has been endowed with profound political connotation in addition to the examination of children's bodies and the dissemination of health knowledge.The movement has conveyed the importance of child care to the community in a variety of ways,in addition to the opening of baby-saving speech and the establishment of child clinics and health care hospitals.Child hygiene campaigns were developed and better baby contests became more prosperous because of the requirement of the age.In addition,the summer children's health camp as a special way is popular with the general public and the effect is so remarkable.These not only directly promoted the healthy development of children in Shanghai,and also the concept caused the parents and the community's emphasis on children's health,which strongly provided the scientific and modern development of education for children's health.At the same time,it had a double effect on the requirement of the mother.In addition,the movement revealed the cooperative and interactive relationship between social groups and governments as an important link in a certain degree.