| "yu" in Chinese family words refers to the words containing the word "yu",and contains the word "yu" the idiom,proverb.This paper mainly discusses the semantics of the Chines "yu" language as an example,through a small part to see the whole,with a point of view,cross-cultural perspective of the contrast between English and Chinese as an example,to provide a reference for Chinese vocabulary teaching.Firstly,it collects and classifies 166 "yu" words in Modern Chinese Dictionary,Xinhua idiom Dictionary and Chinese as a Foreign language textbook.According to the part of speech,114 words containing "yu" in Modern Chinese Dictionary is divided into90 nouns,1 adverb,1 verb,2 idiom and 20 idiom.According to the source of idioms,there are 52 "yu" idioms in Xinhua idiom Dictionary,of which 1 is from mythology and legends,5 from oral idioms,32 from literary works,and 14 from historical documents.Secondly,this paper analyzes the relationship between the cognitive characteristics and the semantics of the Chinese "Yu" words.There are mainly physiological,social and cultural characteristics.According to the analysis,the noun semantics of the names of fish and some other things are mainly related to the physiological characteristics of the fish,and most of these nouns contain only the basic meanings of the words of "fish".The nouns of the names of fish at different growing stages and some other things are mainly related to the social characteristics of fish,and a few of these nouns contain the cultural appended meanings of the words of "fish".Some of the nouns,idioms and idioms of other things are mainly related to the cultural characteristics of fish,and most of these words contain cultural additions to the words of "fish".In the form of word formation,the basic meanings of "fish" are divided into three categories: "morpheme+yu / morphemes1+morphemes2 +fish","yu+morphemes /yu+morphemes1+morphemes2" and "morphemes1+yu+ morphemes2".There are 14 kinds of metaphorical meanings in the two ways of extending meaning,namely metaphor and metonymy.Thirdly,this paper discusses the similarities and differences of the cultural appending meanings of "Fish" in English and Chinese culture.The additional cultural meanings of "fish" in Chinese culture include "figurative abundance","metaphorical letter","metaphorical ability" and so on.The cultural additions of "fish" in English culture include "metaphorical enlightenment","bad behavior of metaphor","relationship between fish and water" and so on.The similarities and differences between English and Chinese "yu" language culture add meaning,mainly include geographical location factor,"yu" language source and so on.Finally,this paper analyzes the basic situation of the Chinese "yu" language in teaching Chinese as a foreign language,and through the interview,finds out the understanding of the Chinese "yu" words by the native English students,and puts forward the relevant teaching ideas.Suggestions for teachers: one is to teach students with different levels of Chinese,the other is to teach different types of Chinese "yu" words.Suggestions for learners are: first,to strengthen the intercultural communication awareness.Second,to understand the superficial and deep meanings of the Chinese words with rich cultural affinities in the light of the specific context. |
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