A Study Of The Four-sided Stele Of Jingming Two Years Which In Xi'an Shaanxi Province

The four-sided shrine in Jingming which stored in the Stele Forest Museum of Xi'an,Shaanxi Province,was made after the reform of Taihe in the northern Wei dynasty.The official grotto style at that time was used as a model for its exquisite production and complicated decoration,which was rare in the same period.In this paper,the image comparison method is used to select the the statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Yungang Grottoes,Longmen Grottoes,other Golden Bronze Buddha,and monolithic stone carving statues to launch the research.Through the identification of the inscriptions,the analysis of the inscriptions,the description of the engravings,and the study of the style tendency of the whole and part of the contents of the statue,the significance of the statue can be found: namely,what period of the style it inherited,what characteristics it was influenced by,and what significance these influences have for the development of buddhist art.The main results of this paper can be summarized as follows:First,after field investigation,the data of the monument is not clear,it is a single section of the square tower.Secondly,A variety of style features are mixed inside the stele,with the features from the early northern wei dynasty to the late.For example,the front of the syele is the style from the early northern Wei dynasty to the period of emperor xiaowen.The Buddha conch hair,reflecting the introduction of gupta art;The wavy hair is the embodiment of gandhara's art.Spiral hair is the main form of Buddha hair in taihe period.On both sides of the stele are carved gods,strange animals,reflects the integration of China's fairy thoughts and buddhist art.Thirdly,The style of clothes by the Buddha was the style of the early northern Wei dynasty,and the style of clothes worn by the emperor taihe in yungang area was not introduced into shaanxi with emperor xiaowen's moving the capital.This stele is a pure buddhist monument.In the back,the carved continuous bead pattern and the braids behind the bodhisattvas on the left and right sides of the stele found similar patterns in the statues of the southern dynasty unearthed in sichuan.It is speculated that there were exchanges between shaanxi and sichuan regions at that time,and other characteristics of the statues of the southern dynasty may have been introduced to the north in addition to'baoyibodai'.The flame pattern in the backlight was speculated to be developed from the early northern wei dynasty,which was mostly reflected in the single stone statues and the single gold and copper Buddha statues.In a word,the overall style of this four-sided shrine of Jingming dynasty is preferred to the early Northern Wei Dynasty,and to some extent reflects the influence of Southern statues on northern statues.The innovation of this paper lies in:(1)Aiming at the description of specific details are not clear,this paper attempts to reconfirm the inscription of the statue,and determine the type of the statue.(2)According to the characteristics of the statue,the origin of its style and the value of the four-sided shrine is discussed.