A Logical Semantic Analysis Of Modern Chinese "Xiang" Sentences

Four academically acknowledged patterns of “Xiang” sentences in Modern Chinese are metaphor,compare,example,speculation.Of them,it is difficult to distinguish between patterns of metaphor and compare where semantic intersection appears.Based on lots of existed corpus and Laoshe's short stories,we studied and analyzed these two patterns of metaphor and compare by the methods of logical semantics from syntax and semantic and summarized identification methods.We expect that the method can help computer distinguish and process these two patterns.Our paper consists of six parts.The first chapter is an introduction which presents background,aim,theory,methods and corpus.Background includes current states of Logical Semantic and“Xiang” Sentences.Our aim is to find more semantic features of “Xiang” Sentences,analyze differences between patterns of metaphor and compare in “Xiang” Sentences and formalize the modern Chinese “Xiang” Sentences by logical semantics theories and approaches.The second chapter is about identification and classification of “Xiang”Sentences.By cognitive distance,four patterns of “Xiang” sentences in Modern Chinese is distinguished.According to part of speech of “Xiang”,a continuum(including metaphor,compare,and semantic intersection)in “Xiang” sentences is screened.The third chapter analyzes the “Xiang” sentences in natural language including the surface form of language structure,enterable syntactic elements of the “Xiang”sentences and the syntactic generation and parts of speech of “Xiang” sentences in compare and metaphor.“Xiang” is a focus marker in metaphor sentences and a categorical light verb in comparative sentences.The fourth analyzes semantic content.We analyzed semantic features and sentence meaning to understand that there are Bikuang,Fuzzy Comparison,presupposition,analogical reasoning in metaphor pattern of “Xiang” Sentences while there are compare,clear direction and threshold in comparative pattern.Finally,we conclude the similarities and differences between these two patterns in semantic content.The fifth chapter conducts a logical semantic analysis of the “Xiang” Sentences based on the surface form of language structure and its typical example sentences which is derived from chapter three and chapter four.The sixth chapter summarized a conclusion and proposed unsolved problems and study plan in the future.