Research On Private Suzhou Zhenhua Girls' Secondary School In The Period Of Republic China (1927-1937)

Private Zhenhua Girls' secondary school is a well-known Girls' Middle school in Suzhou during the Republic of China,with outstanding achievements and fame,which promoted the development of modern Girls' education and Girls' liberation movement in the Suzhou,China.In this paper,the literature analysis method,statistical method and other research methods,collected and collated the private Suzhou Zhenhua Girls' Secondary school history related information,from the following six aspects of research:Construction of the school and its historical evolution.In the history of the development of private Zhenhua girls ' secondary school,there are two principals to remember,one is the predecessor of the private Zhenhua Girls Primary School founder Wang Xie Changda,the other is Zhenhua Girls' high school founder Wang Jiyu,she is Wang Xie's daughter.Mother-Daughter principal plays an important role in the development history of Zhenhua.From the establishment of 1906 Primary School to 1937 years of anti-Japanese war outbreak,the development of schools experienced the primary stage(1906-1907),primary and secondary school joint period(1918-1927),The independent development stage of secondary schools(1928 to 1937 years).Management System.The school management system of the private Zhenhua girls ' Middle School is the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the Council.Major decisions of schools are subject,approval by the Board of Directors,and the administration of the school is subject to the supervision of the Board,which elects the rector.The school board plays an important role in the development of schools,such as raising funds for running schools,closely relations with the government,guiding school teaching and expanding the influence of running schools.The organization at all levels,headed by the headmaster,is responsible for the teaching work of the school as well as the daily administrative work.The perfect administrative organization of Zhenhua provides a strong guarantee for the orderly teaching management of the school.Sources of funding and expenditure.The school funds mainly come from social donations,tuition and fees income,government subsidies,interest payments and other income four aspects.With regard to the management of income in schools,both the school board and the Accounting division of the Office have custody responsibilities.For the management of school expenditure,the annual budget accounts shall be prepared by the accounting department and the Economic Commission of the School Affairs Office,and the School conference and the Board of Directors shall be responsible for reviewing the annual budget and final accounts of the school,and there is another economic audit committee for the audit of the funds and the accounts School expenditure mainly for campus construction,teacher pay,office costs,book specimen costs and so on.Students and teachers.With regard to students,the main analysis of students ' family situation,students ' origin and school admission requirements for students.Schools have strict requirements for enrollment,students mainly from Suzhou and other cities in Jiangsu province,and most of the children of wealthy families.It also analyzes the student management mode,and the student management is mainly divided into school management and self-management.With regard to teachers,this paper mainly analyzes the origin of teachers and the composition of academic qualifications as well as the work and treatment of teachers.Zhenhua hired teachers regardless of style,and many of the teachers are well-known university graduates at home and abroad.The salary of the teachers in Zhenhua mainly implements the hourly salary system,and the number of teaching hours often determines the level of teachers ' salaries.The overall salary level of Zhenhua teachers in Suzhou is much lower than that of provincial middle schools,which is comparable to that of county secondary schools,slightly lower than that of church secondary schools.Cultivate goals,courses and teaching activities.The training objectives stipulated in Zhenhua are scientific and reasonable,meticulous and thoughtful,distinguish individuality,embody the characteristics of women,promote the all-round development of students ' all-arts,at the same time pay attention to vocational training for students,cultivate students ' spirit of labor service,and for students who fail to ascend to university,they can seek to be independent in life and occupation.Get rid of the fate of women who can only assist the husband and teach children at home.Zhenhua set up junior and senior high schools,senior high school from the Arts and Sciences Branch in second grade,Junior high School is not divided into departments.The curriculum is based on the relevant legal system of the secondary school curriculum established by the state and revolves only around the teaching objectives.Elective courses are set up in both high and lower secondary schools.One of the elective courses in junior high School is to test students ' interest and ability;Elective courses are set up in high school to adapt to students ' personality and ability.With regard to teaching activities,it is divided into classroom teaching and extracurricular activities,and the combination and coordinated development of in-class and extracurricular teaching activities should play the goal of promoting the all-round development of students.Analysis on the effect and reason of running a school.Private Zhenhua Girls' secondary School since the 1906 year to start primary School,1918 years to set up secondary schools,and then to 1936 year to build the anniversary of the school.Running a successful school,the social impact is far-reaching.Zhenhua in the quality of education,in a variety of competitions have achieved good results;Graduates of all subjects excellent results,the number of people promoted to the university,has been praised by parents,the school reputation at home and abroad,for the Wu Jun of the crown.There are three main reasons for the effectiveness of schools: the joint efforts of all teachers,led by Wang Jiyu,the help of the board of directors and the enthusiastic educators of the community,and the support of the Government in policy and funding.