A Study On Purchase And Marketing Of Grain In Guangdong Province (1953-1956)

In 1953,Mao Zedong proposed to realize national industrialization in the general line of socialist transition period.With the call of the general line in the transitional period,the number of factories and the population of industrial and mining areas have increased throughout the country,and the national industrial construction has reached a climax.With industrialization,the demand for grain for urban residents and workers in industrial and mining areas is increasing,and there is a contradiction between the supply and demand of grain in the whole country.In order to meet the needs of urban and industrial grain,the state promulgated the policy of grain purchase and marketing and implemented it throughout the country.This paper focuses on the practice of the state policy in Guangdong Province from 1953 to 1956.In order to realize industrialization and solve the domestic food shortage crisis,the state has chosen the development path of "agriculture supporting industry".Guangdong is characterized by its position as a province of agricultural production in the transitional period.In the early stage of grain purchase and marketing,some farmers in Guangdong Province were skeptical about the policy,and some rural cadres assisted farmers to hide grain in order to safeguard their interests.In order to carry out grain purchasing smoothly,Guangdong Province has entrusted the task of grain purchasing to the leading Party and government at all levels.With agricultural production cooperatives and supply and marketing cooperatives as organizational links,farmers are mobilized to sell surplus grain in their families.In the link of grain transportation and storage,Guangdong Province has worked out the plan of grain transportation in advance,organized ships and vehicles as means of transportation,and saved a lot of transportation costs for the country.When grain is put into storage,full-time personnel shall be set up to strictly control the quality of grain and mobilize the people to keep grain.Finally,during the period of grain marketing,Guangdong Province established a hierarchical system of "Food Department-Food Bureau-Food Supply Station",selling grain to urban residents and workers in industrial and mining areas,investigating the situation of grain consumption by state organs and urban residents,forming the standard of grain consumption for residents,and rectifying the phenomenon of waste of grain by state organs,units and residents of cities and towns.As a part of the national grain purchase and marketing,the grain purchase and marketing in Guangdong Province not only guarantees the grain supply of the province,but also alleviates the situation of food shortage in South China and accumulates funds for the development of national industry.In carrying out the central policy,Guangdong Province has completed the state's rectification of local party and government and the political education of peasants,so as to realize the mosaic development of local society and state power.