The Study On The Overlap Of Complements In Shangshui Dialect Of Henan Province

In modern Chinese,the overlap of complements refers to the grammatical phenomenon of"V+complement 1+Complement 2"with multiple complements behind a predicate,in which the inner layer complements act as the predicate of the outer layer complements,and the outer layer complements can be nested layer by layer,reflecting the recursion of the language.However,there are three kinds of the phenomenon of complement overlap in Henan Shangshui dialect.The most typical type is isomorphic complement overlap including"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)","X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)".This type of complement overlap has its unique characteristics in syntax,semantics and pragmatics.At the same time,the distribution of the phenomenon in Henan Province is regular and of typological significance.This paper mainly includes the following parts.Introduction.This part introduces the general situation of human culture in Shangshui County,including its geography,history and the phonological system of Shangshui dialect.Secondly,it explains the research object,research significance,research methods and corpus sources of this paper,and summarizes the research status of the topic of this paper.The first chapter is the complement overlap in Shangshui dialect.In this part,we first discuss the two concepts of multi-level complement and complement overlap,and think that these two concepts are actually synonymous and homogeneous,and modern Chinese multi-level complement is actually a phenomenon of complement overlap.Secondly,this paper analyzes the two sets of concepts to determine the scope of the overlap of complements.The first group is the " overlap of complements" and "multiple complements","Multiple paratactic complements",the second group is the "overlap of complements" and "overlap of predicates".Shangshui dialect is rich in the phenomenon of complement overlap,which includes three types——heteromorphic complement overlap,isomorphic complement overlap and the complement overlap of the combination of heteromorphism and isomorphism.Finally,there are differences between Shangshui dialect and Mandarin in terms of levels,types and usage.Chapter 2,"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)".This part focuses on the study of"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)"which is the most distinctive homomorphic complement in Shangshui dialect.Structurally,"X+Lei Hen+Lei Hen"is an extension of the basic"X+Lei Hen(??)",in which"Lei"serves as a complement mark,and"X"can be used as an adjective,verb,noun,predicatecomplement phrase and other components.At the same time,"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)"in actual speech is a kind of mismatch between syntax and voice——read as"X+Lei/Hen(?/?)+Lei Hen(??)"."X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)+Lei He(??)n..."It has a strong tendency of recursion and can be regarded as a finite recursion of a language.Semantically,"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)"expresses an objective degree of polarity and subjective emphasis,with the semantic characteristics of[+polarity]and[-comparison].Pragmatically,"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen"(??)has an exaggerated expression effect,which is often used in interrogative and exclamatory tone,and mostly appears in the dialogue register in the informal context.Among them,the use of"Hen"alone is the expression of pragmatic variation,which can be regarded as an construction.Chapter three,"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)".This section discusses"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)"by comparing it with"X+Lei Hen+Lei Hen".There are many differences between them.Structurally,"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)"is an extension of the basic"X+Lei Duo(??)"pattern.In actual speaking,there will be rhythm mismatch,which is read as"X+Lei/Duo(?/?)+Lei Duo(??)".Semantically,"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)"has the semantic characteristics of[-polarity]and[+comparison],which expresses a large number of subjective in the positive and negative directions.At the same time,due to the different grammatical functions of"Duo",the ambiguity of"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)"appears.Pragmatically,"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)"must be in the context of comparison in actual speech.The fourth chapter is about the types of the phenomenon of complement overlap in Henan dialect.This part mainly discusses the distribution of the isomorphic complement overlap in Henan dialect,including three categories——"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)","X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)","X+Lei Gao(??)+Lei Gao(??)".There are many commonalities in structure,semantics and pragmatics among these three types of the overlap of complements.The existence of the three types presents an implication relationship,namely,"X+Lei Gao(??)+Lei Gao(??)"?"X+Lei Hen(??)+Lei Hen(??)"?"X+Lei Duo(??)+Lei Duo(??)",which has typological significance.Their personalities are compared and discussed from the perspective of"X+Lei Gao(??)+Lei Gao(??)".In addition,there is a similar phenomenon of complement overlap in other dialects and electronic corpora of modern Chinese.Conclusion.This part summarizes the whole paper.It draws some valuable conclusions,and points out the shortcomings of the research and the future to explore.