Research On Reason Prepositions Oriented To Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

The causal prepositions in modern Chinese are prepositional categories divided from the semantic perspective.The definition of internal members of causal prepositions has always been a matter of debate in academia,and the internal members of causal prepositions have complex semantics and many restrictions on their use.Foreign students often make mistakes when using causal prepositions.Therefore,the causal prepositions are one of the key points and difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Judging from the semantic differences of different causal prepositions,"yin(?)","yin wei(??)" and "you yu(??)" are prepositions that specifically express causality,while "wei(?)" and "wei le(??)" have the meaning of the purpose in addition to the causality.Their meanings of purpose are more common than those of causality,and " wei le(??)" is mostly used in spoken language,while "wei(?)"is mostly used in written language.The causality components after "wei(?)" and "wei le(??)" have the characteristics of completion and uncontrollability.Most of the predicate components in the sentence are verbs expressing psychological state.When the preposition "yin wei(??)" introduces a future event,it is necessary to add a subjective wish verb "yao(?)" or "xiang(?)" after the preposition,while "wei(?)"and "wei le(??)" are not.Causal prepositions can not only introduce prepositional components such as nouns,nominal phrases,pronouns and numerals,but also predicate components and clauses such as prepositional verbs,adjectives and verb phrases.Causal prepositions can't act as syntactic components alone,and can only form prepositional phrases with objects to act as adverbials.Causal prepositions phrases can act as objects after the verb "shi".Through the statistics of the frequency of prepositions used by foreign students and native Chinese speakers,it is found that the frequency of foreign students' use of the more difficult preposition "you yu(??)" is far lower than that of native Chinese speakers.Through a comprehensive analysis of the error rate and frequency of foreign students using prepositions with different causes,the difficulty order of the causal prepositions acquisition is you yu(??)>wei(?)>wei le(??)>yin(?)>yin>wei(??).There are four types of errors in causal prepositions:mis-substitution,m is-add,omission and wrong sequence.Among them,mis-substitution is the most,follow ed by mis-add and omission,and wrong sequence is comparatively few.The main rea sons for the above errors are:the negative transfer of mother tongue,the negative tra nsfer of knowledge of target language,the problem of writing syllabus and the influe nce of the student's communication strategies.Based on the research on the semantics and syntactic functions of causal prepositions and the investigation of the use of causal prepositions by foreign students,we analyse the deviation of causal prepositions by foreign students and the related syllabus on the arrangement of causal prepositions.In the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,to make foreign students learn causal prepositions better,we give some teaching suggestions on causal prepositions:First,pay attention to the stage of the teaching of causal prepositions.Second,use comparison strategies of causal prepositions.Third,using strategy pattern can help foreign students build a delicate sense of language,so as to grasp the usage rules for causal prepositions better.