The Study On The Exiled Prisoners And Its Management In The Hinterland During The Qing Dynasty

As an important part of Chinese traditional penalty system,exile is a lighter punishment than death.By the Qing Dyasty,the system of exile had developed into a comprehensive Punishment system with universal application and extensive coverage,which occupied an important position in the judicial practice at that time.The place where criminals serve their sentences is called the place of exile.Compared with the objective needs of the frontier to receive a large number of criminals for development,the widespread establishment and existence of the place of exile in the interior is more evidence that the Qing government attaches great importance to the extensive application of exile in judicial practice.On the basis of Ming dynasty,Qing dynasty made a series of laws and regulations on exile,which included a variety of types,and there were corresponding systems for the application range,place of exile,and judgment process of exile.However,in the Qing dynasty,there were many loopholes in the management of the exiles during their sentences.The government lacks a certain top-level design for the placement and management of prisoners in exile places,and mostly relies on the flexible operation of local institutions that receive and manage exiles.At the same time,localities are also facing secondary management issues for exiles,which requires the cooperation of local governments and the timely coordination of the central court.The result of the exiles is usually to die in the penal colony,but the system also gives exiles some opportunities to get rid of the criminal status and regain their freedom.As an outsider,exiles also have an impact on the local society,and then has a completely different social aspect.In the Qing dynasty,the establishment of the system of exile and the management of exiled prisoners always had problems such as arbitrary rules and unfair results,and these problems also caused various social contradictions.