| Geographical nouns are an integral part of language vocabulary.In terms of form,they include internal and external forms.Internal form is the word formation method,and external form is the phonetic characteristics.From the perspective of meaning,it covers the description and naming of geographical entities..Dialectal nouns are dialectal pronunciations as external forms,and they are the proper nouns to convey the information of geographical names.They contain local history,geography,language,folk culture and so on.This article collected 3652 place nouns(hereinafter referred to as "Weiyuan place names")in Weiyuan County,Dingxi City,Gansu Province through field investigations,and comprehensively used the survey method,description method,statistical method,and comparative method to organize the place noun terms.And from the three aspects of pronunciation,word use and word formation,the naming rationale and cultural connotation of Weiyuan place names are studied.The research records and preserves dialect and place names,which helps to mine the history,geography,culture and other information of the area,and at the same time,it can make more people have the awareness of protecting place names.In addition,from a linguistic point of view,Provide new ideas for the study of geographical names.In terms of the phonetic characteristics of local nouns in Weiyuan County,the dialects are used to analyze the pronunciation rules of local nouns in Weiyuan County.First,the phonological tones of the Weiyuan County dialect are summarized: the Weiyuan dialect has a total of 25 initials,34 finals,and 3 single-word tones.Secondly,it summarizes the phonological changes of continuous pronunciation in children's pronunciation of dialects in Weiyuan County.There are 9 combinations of two-character tones in Weiyuan dialect and 18 modes of continuous tone.There are six consecutive readings: 13,51,44,31,21,and 24,and three new ones are 31,21,and 24.A total of 178 entries in Weiyuan place names are childish,accounting for 4.9% of the total place names.With regard to the common names and proper names of local nouns in Weiyuan County dialects,it mainly discusses the frequency of use of the common names of Weiyuan place names and the structure of proper names.There are a total of 75 place names in Weiyuan dialect place names,of which there are 39 common names of natural geographical entities,accounting for 52% of the total names,and a total of 2232 place names;there are 24 common names of artificial building features,accounting for 32% of the total number of common names;there are 9 common names in settlements,accounting for 12% of the total number of Weiyuan common names;in the end,there are 4 more common names that are converted from proper names,which are indicated in the nouns Orientation,height,or distance,accounted for 5.3% of the total number of common names.A total of 261 place names in simple word proper names are monosyllable words,and 38 place names are disyllabic words.The compound names include compound and appended forms.Compound nouns are divided into three structures: positive,united,and verbobject.Additional nouns are also divided into two forms: pre-addition and post-addition.The naming rationale of the place names in Weiyuan County is mainly based on the actual meaning of place names in Weiyuan County.The naming rationale of Weiyuan place names includes two categories: naming by natural factors and naming by human factors.Natural elements are divided into three parts named after mountains,named by water,and named by location.Humanistic elements include surnames,historical facts and beautiful visions.Among them,the number of place names named by surnames is the largest,totaling 1,318,accounting for 36.1% of the total number of place names in Weiyuan.In addition,most of the Tibetan place names compiled are Chinese-Tibetan harmony names,such as "Laza Bay" and "Kebu Bay",and there are only a few pure Tibetan place names,such as "Gancha" and "Seni".In terms of the use of nouns in Weiyuan County dialects,the main use of the phenomenon and pronunciation of the word to investigate.In Weiyuan place names,the Communist Party of China has three cases of using common characters,common characters,and dialect characters,such as "Yuechuan","Yao Xian",and "Shan Jia Lai".In terms of the pronunciation of place names,the article points out that there are three ways to pronounce "Fort",which means [ 214] when it means "military defensive building";when it means "a town with a wall",it is read as [ 214];when it means "the place name on the side of the post or ancient post," it is read as [ 51].In general,there are two kinds of word use in Weiyuan place names,"multiple use of one name" and "multiple variants of place names".In response to the phenomenon and pronunciation of place names in Weiyuan,this article puts forward three suggestions for standardization: the use of place names should reflect the local cultural characteristics,retain the pronunciation of place names in dialects,and increase the intensity of the promotion of place name culture.Through the study of the dialect and place names of Weiyuan County,we can see the diversity of Weiyuan place names in form and content,as well as the contact embodied by the cultural integration of the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups,and the Weiyuan place names also highlight The above features have reflected the heavy language culture and spiritual civilization of Weiyuan. |
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