Study Of Ernst Bloch's "Principal Of Hope"

Ernst Bloch is a unique Marxist philosopher in Germany in the 20 th century.The Principle of Hope is the most important representative work in his life.In this threevolume masterpiece,starting from the subjective experience of the individual in the era,Bloch draws an all-around map of hope from the time dimension of everyday life from birth to death,together with the spatial dimension of the multi-layered culture of capitalist society.As the most important "expectant emotion","hope" appears for the first time in the form of ontology,and thus forms the driving force of historical development.Bloch is convinced of this principal of hope,which moves the world forward,without providing any empirical confirmation.He has repeatedly emphasized the objective reality of the "concrete utopia" that "hope" directs at,but he has not once clearly explained how its realization would be possible.Bloch regards Marxism as the ultimate manifestation of "concrete utopia".He distinguishes between the "warm stream" and the "cold stream" within Marxism,and values the importance of the former;he outlines Marxist thoughts with a philosophica l "praxis" concept,not taking a more discerning picture of the ideological whole before and after the revolution of historical materialism theory.All these reflect deviations in his theoretical grasp of Marxism.However,on the other hand,Bloch creatively develops the Marxist religious doctrine.Starting from the theoretical level of "Meta-religion",he reduces the beliefs in gods in all religions to "hope" as the motive force.Thereby in the transcending dimension of human spirit,Bloch clarifies the basis for the subsistence of Marxism.