A Research Based On The Perspective Of The Civic Participation In The Decision-making Process Of Siting NIMBY Facility

NIMBY facility is an important guarantee of the development of China's economy and public interests.However,due to the distinct or potential risks lied in NIMBY facilities,the principle of "path of least resistance" is adopted in the site selection of NIMBY facility.Apart from that,with the increasing of civil right consciousness and environmental protection consciousness,the site selection and construction of NIMBY facilities have been opposed by surrounding residents.What is worse is that it results in violent or non-violent conflicts in the neighbourhood.At the same time,the geographical scope of the NIMBY movement gradually shift from the coastal areas to the inland,from the eastern to the western,from the urban to the rural.It is still difficult to achieve the coordination of economic growth and environmental protection among and within different regions.As a result,NIMBY,instead of fading away in the foreseeable future,is going to increase gradually throughout the country.In order to explore the civic participation in the decision-making process of siting NIMBY facility,enable citizens to participate in the process effectively and to promote well-founded communication and cooperation between government and the public,this paper,based a retrospective study of cases,analyzed and compared the civic participation in the decision-making process of siting NIMBY facility and that in the general public decision-making process in the aspects of decision contents,natures and subjects,which challenges and questions the existing closed elite decision-making model.The decision-making process of siting NIMBY facility distribute the social risk and comply with scientific principles,what's more,in terms of decision-making body,the decision shows social features.The one-way process of the government administration and the experts'"strong debate" not only hinders citizens to participate in the process effectively and affects science and democracy of the decision-making process of siting NIMBY facility.In conclusion,by analyzing the contradictions between the characteristic of citizen participation in decisions and traditional governance,realizing the decisions paradigm shift and improving governance capacity to strengthen the government's awareness of service is the requirement of service-oriented government and responsive government.In the decision-making process of siting NIMBY facility,the geographical distance affects the allocation of decision-making power on the basis of the nature and classification of NIMBY facilities.On the basis of the policy network theory and stakeholder analysis,different types of citizens are placed on different levels of stakeholders in deliberative democracy decision-making model,such as primary stakeholders,intermediate stakeholders and core stakeholders,which leads to different purposes and forms of participation.What's more,the boundary and the relationship between stakeholders have an vital influence on the decision-making changes of siting NIMBY facilities.Finally,countermeasures are proposed in the following aspects:the transformation of local government functions,the institutional path of civic participation,the perfection of administrative information disclosure mechanism,and the improvement of incentive mechanism,fault-tolerant mechanism and compensation system,in order to enable citizens to participate in the process effectively and to promote well-founded communication and cooperation between government and the public.