The Double Circumstances And Modern Transformation Of The Public Sphere In Network Times

The public sphere is an area of opinion between the field of public power and the private sphere,including the family and the market sphere.Its core mechanism is discourse communication and it seeks to construct the moral basis of political practice,the source of political legitimacy and platform.Habermas believes that the real public sphere originated in the 17th and 18th centuries of the British and French bourgeois public sphere,with cafe,salon,tea room and other space as the physical carrier.In the traditional media age,the public sphere declined under the influence of political and commercial factors.The arrival of the Internet age and the quality of the network for the transcendence of traditional media make scholars begin to explore the 'if network can reshape the public sphere or not' theme.The public sphere faces a double situation in the Internet age.On the one hand,cyberspace meets the three basic constituent elements needed in the public sphere:the private sector,which is based on the separation of public power and the private sphere,the cyberspace platform for free communication,and the network public opinion under the less erosion of political and commercial factors.In this sense,cyberspace is indeed an opportunity for the revival of the public sphere.On the other hand,the Internet users'dialogue practice based on this virtual platform shows many characteristics that may lead to the decline of the public sphere:the 'complex charm' of the 'mob' of the public,fleeing public and fragmented issues,'sinking of the spiral' and group polarization,label public opinion and rational sinking,political and commercial factors' coexistence and so on.In this sense,public sphere is still facing the deconstruction crisis in the Internet age.In addition,in different network public opinion issues,the performance of Internet users is significantly different.Different levels of government based on the differences in the logic of action respond differently for different network public opinion.In general,the topic of public opinion is divided into two categories:the factual topic and the value proposition.In the former,the discourse of the Internet users shows good style,and the performance in the latter is often opposite.On the government side,issues that focus primarily on local governments or specific leaders,whether they are value issues or factual issues,tend to have much room for discussion because of their specificity;and those that touch the central government,whether value issues or factual issues will be strongly controlled.The central government's response and local government's response has a distinct difference of level.By analyzing the characteristics of the deconstruction of the public sphere in the network discourse,we believe that the modern transformation of the public sphere should be promoted from the following three aspects:First of all,it is the epistemological premise to analyze and understand the characteristics of discourse communication in cyberspace.Secondly,in the case of Internet users,cultivating their self-discipline,rationality and tolerance is the important means to the improvement of the diathesis of communicators.Finally,in terms of the external regulation of the network discourse,it is necessary to achieve the 'online' discourse rule of law transformation to ensure the healthy development of the public sphere.