The Research Of Interaction Between Hub-type Social Organizations And Specialized Social Organizations As The Perspective Of Corporatism

In recent years,hub-type social organizations have attracted more and more attention from academic circles and practical circles,as local governments have attempted to carry out innovative activities to “let organizations govern society” and to optimize managing model of social organizations.However,most researches on hub-type social organizations before were set up on the basis of their leading role against specialized social organizations and the interaction between hub-type social organizations and governments,rather than the interaction between hub-type social organizations and specialized social organizations.In fact,the management of a hub-type organization depends on its interaction with governments and,more importantly on its interaction with its “subordinates”,specialized social organizations.As the downtown area of Shanghai,Jing'an District ranks among the top of construction and management of social organizations in Shanghai,even all over China.Focusing on the core of managing model of hub-type social organizations—the Union of Social Organization in Jing'an District,this paper studies the interaction between hub-type social organizations and specialized social organizations on the perspective of corporatism by utilizing research methods such as interviewing and observing.First of all,this paper introduces the hub-type managing model of social organizations in Jing'an District.The basic architecture of the model can be called "1 +14+X",where "1" refers to the regional "Union of Social Organization ".It is the hub of the central model of management,which is the core;"14" and "X" is the "social association"(labor,education,culture,health)organized by various specialized departments and systems,and it is the "hub" of all social organizations established within the jurisdiction of each social organization.Thus,they constitute a hub-type social organization as a whole,and district-level the "Union of Social Organization" is the "hub" organization of the core and axis.There are three important reasons for forming interaction: diverse demands on social public service,shared demands of social organizations and governments and elites in hub-type social organizations.Main ways to form interaction are contacts initiated by hub-type social organizations,set by intermediary organizations or individual and made by specialized social organizations themselves.Overall,the "Union of Social Organization" take the initiative to contact and through intermediaries or individuals to establish contact with the majority of specialized social organizations to actively contact the "Union of Social Organization” situation is relatively small.It can be seen the influence and dominant position in the “Union of Social Organization “in the process of interaction between the establishment.In the process of interaction,interaction activities involves: cooperation in public service programs,mediation of social conflicts and the shifting part of government functions undertook by needs;interacting methods are personnel training,platform construction and through intermediaries.The interaction can be divided into strong interaction and weak one,according to the closeness.In the course of interacting,hub-type social organizations and specialized social organizations need to build up their own roles.The hub-type social organization is leaders,servers and coordinators,but the specialized social organizations are reliers,cooperators and regurgitation-feeders.The causes for their interaction are relation balancing,resource allocation and external environment.In the process of interaction between two sides,the “Union of Social Organization" dominates,while the autonomy and discourse of specialized social organizations are weak.The “Union of Social Organization” reflects the distinctive characteristics of corporatism in the process of interaction with Specialized social organizations,specifically reflecting as follows: First,the interaction between the “Union of Social Organization” and specialized social organizations is established on the basis of government leading rather than the spontaneous formation.Second,the interaction process follows the interaction hierarchy of the government-“hub”(the “Union of Social Organization”)-“sub-hub”(the “Union of Social Organization” of sub-district,town and special line system)-specialized social organizations,lack of freedom.The “state” “controls” other social organizations through the “Union of Social Organization” this intermediary.Third,the “Union of Social Organization” is at the core position in the process of project cooperation with the specialized social organizations.In other words,when the specialized organizations have difficulties,the “Union of Social Organization” will often first understand the situation and then reflect it to the government,and finally,the government proposes the solution after the consultation with the “Union of Social Organization”.In this process,the “Union of Social Organization” is at the core position of “a connecting link”.Fourth,the “Union of Social Organization” conveys the specialized organizations' demand to the government and then strives for the transformation of the purchase of service,playing a hub role of “conveying upward and downward”.The dilemma caused by the characteristics of this corporatism is the lack of standardization of the government leading,the administrative tendency caused by the hierarchical structure of interaction,the possibility of the monopoly of the “Union of Social Organization” as the interaction core and the doubt for the representativeness of the “Union of Social Organization” in representing specialized organizations to express the demand.At the same time,this paper also finds that these characteristics of corporatism are incomplete and atypical.First,the district social organization service center also bears the “hub” role similar to the “Union of Social Organization”.Second,the leader selection is gradually transiting from the government designation to the independent talent mining of the “Union of Social Organization” in the social organization leaders with specialized social work background.Third,the “Union of Social Organization” has a certain degree of discourse and autonomy in the representation of specialized social organizations to express the demand.Based on this,this paper argues that the interaction between the two sides reflects a special characteristic of corporatism.Further,this paper argues that the characteristics of social corporatism help to play a specialized social organization and enhance its autonomy and activity.Therefore,the combination of social corporatism and national corporatism is more conducive to retaining the national corporatism on the basis of positive factors to overcome its weaknesses,enhance the social corporatism,then promote out of the aforementioned normative,administrative tendency,monopoly potential,representative doubts and other related difficulties.At the same time,about the further development of corporatism,the paper consider that weakening of national corporatism and gradually transforming to the social corporatism,which helps to make specialized social organizations further actively.Then,the future existence will have a certain impact,and further may lead to the corresponding changes in the overall social organization ecology.Finally,this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations,and considers that governments,hub-type social organizations and specialized social organizations have to make joint efforts.For governments,they need to do three things: first,to make more room for hub-type social organizations;second,to perfect laws and regulations;third,to promote capital security system.For hub-type social organizations,four things are important: first,to serve specialized social organizations better;second,to make more efforts in fostering specialized social organizations;third,to guide in a macro level;forth,to reinforce security on talents.For specialized social organizations,there are three things to do: first,to enhance internal governance;second,to improve its influence by perfecting social service programs;third,to intensify efforts to contact with hub-type social organizations in emotion.