Study On The French National Front:Development,Revolution And Influence

In the 2017 presidential election,Marine Le Pen,the president of the French National Front successfully entered into the second round of voting and won more than 30% vote,which was the best achievement in the history.Although she was defeated by Macron in the final,the National Front still raised its influence and reputation during the election.The party has entered a new stage of development.Since its inception,the National Front has proposed three major political theories which were establishing direct democracy,anti-immigration,and anti-European under the background of the strong nationalism in French society.It has become a transnational political party with great influence in Europe from an obscure,marginalized regional political party by combining the change of society and political system.Its development not only stems from the external changes that have brought about the resurgence of anti-liberalism in Europe and the world in recent years,but also the intrinsic reasons for the reform of the whole party by its newly appointed party president Marine Le Pen.Marine Le Pen had carried out a top-down reform of the National Front since she took over as chairman of the party from her father Jean-Marie Le Pen in 2011.The reforms included the elimination of the demonized image brought about by pro-Nazi speeches,the transformation of rigid,radical propaganda strategies,and the adjustment of redundant and complex organizational structures.Although the reformed National Front still has the status of a “right-wing” party,its more moderate claims and discourses have made it more and more popular.In the 2017 election,the National Front combined the social hot spots with the reformed appearance,and proposed a policy agenda that was led by strengthening security and supplemented by political and economic reforms.Its simple and easy-tounderstand publicity strategy had enabled the National Front to perform more successfully in the election and had therefore won the best achievement ever for the party.Although the National Front was suppressed by the joint efforts of various circles in France in the second round of voting,there were still about one third of the voters chose to support Le Pen,indicating that the political influence of the National Front in France has been improved.In addition,the right-wing populist ideas held by the National Front will continue to influence the French society,from political dissociation to the social class.This research takes the development,reform,and influence of the National Front as the main research content.First of all,by summarizing the research results of the predecessors on the National Front,it tries to clarify the reasons for the rise and development of the early National Front.Second,the research tries to summarize and explain the reforms which are taken after Marine Le Pen taking over the president of the party.Then it demonstrates the performance of the National Front in the 2017 election and analyze its reform achievements by using a variety of research methods such as text analysis and comparison.Finally,deeply research the influence of French National Front to France through the combination of interviews and other related content.In spite of the great influence on French society,political parties such as the National Front which hold right-wing populism do not have a theoretical basis.Most of their rises come from dramatic social contradictions arising from social changes and actual problems.When the contradictions have stabilized,the public's demand for extreme right-wing ideas will be reduced.Therefore,if Le Pen cannot further reform in the future in a moderate,pluralistic,and open direction,the National Front will find it difficult to achieve better results in the 2022 election.