| The issue of aging has become a major hot issue in China's society.The decline in fertility and the extension of life expectancy have made aging problem difficult to alleviate.At the same time,as the size of Chinese families has become smaller,the function of family pension weakened gradually.Under such circumstances,how to build a social environment that supports old age,filial piety,and respect for the elderly is a social issue that needs to be studied urgently.Community-based homesupporting pension model has been highly valued by the academic circles and the government with its huge superiority.The service network built by the community-based home-supporting pension model has a wider coverage.The operating mode can be more recognized by the elderly,the time and economic cost of the development are relatively low.This article believes that we should encourage to develop the community-based home-supporting pension model that can apply to most elderly people and relieve the contradiction between the huge demand for social care services in the country and the unbalanced development of the pension service market.However,there are still huge gaps in the implementation effect in the field and theory of the community-based home-supporting pension model.This article selected Beibei District of Chongqing as a research case,and starts from the practice of implementing the community-based home-supporting pension model in Beibei District.Sums up the features in practice and finds out the problems.And then analyze the reasons for the problems from the perspective of public policy,finally put forward the countermeasures to improve the community-based home-supporting pension model in Beibei District,and realize the sustainable development of the community-based home-supporting pension model in Beibei District.This article used literature research methods,questionnaire research methods,and statistical analysis methods to research and demonstrate.Based on welfare pluralism theory,Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,and social embeddedness theory,through a sample questionnaire survey of 300 elderly people in Beibei District,collected 270 questionnaires totally.56.4% of elderly people lives alone or with their spouses.64.8% of the elderly people are unaware of the community-based pension services.And more than 50% of them are willing to attempt the community's day care centers and home visiting service.In interviews with 12 old-age pension agency and community-based home care centers,most of them indicated that they are lacked of fund guarantee and service personnel to start home visiting service.The development of community-based home-supporting pension model in Beibei District now has a certain foundation.The government is very concerned about the development of the pension of the elderly.The has explored a relatively community-based home-supporting pension model during the daytime.,and now put the home visiting service as a key of community-based home-supporting pension model,but the number of daytime community care centers is less and covers only a few communities.The normal community-based care services cannot meet the needs of the elderly.Therefore,there are still some problems in the development of community-based home-supporting pension model in Beibei District,including the mismatch of supply and demand,insufficient participation of social forces,insufficient government support,and low acceptance of elderly.To the found problems,this article starts from the perspective of public policy,takes policy implementation as the point of entry,and uses the Smith model to analyze the implementation of the community-based home care policy in Beibei District.Considering that it may take a few timeo start implementate and effect after the policy has formulated,this article selects the pension service policies related to community-based home-supporting pension model that were introduced before 2017 in Chongqing as the research object,mainly including" Chongqing Municipal People's Government's Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Ole Age Pension Model," " Chongqing Municipal People's Government Implementing Opinions on Promoting the Development of Health Service Industry," " Notification on Promoting Opinions on Combining Health Care and Elderly Care Services,” “Notice of the General Office of the Chongqing Municipal People's Government on Printing and Distributing 22 Implementation Plans for Livelihood Work”,“Chongqing Community Aged Service Facilities Construction Plan” was analyzed from four levels,includes: idealization policy,executive agencies,target groups,and environmental factors.Combining with the actual pension service needs and development of Beibei District,put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions,which include improving the community-based home care policy supporting system,encourage social forces to participate,strengthen the safeguard measures for the community-based home-supporting pension model,strengthening the building of pension service personnel team,and Increasing publicity to form a good social endowment atmosphere. |
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