Influential Factors Of Life Satisfaction Of The Elderly And Their Urban-rural Differences

According to the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics,the year-on-year growth rate of China's elderly population aged 65 and over increased from 3.0% in 2008 to 5.5% in 2017.China's population aging is developing rapidly,and the life satisfaction of the elderly is getting more and more attention from all walks of life.Life satisfaction is a subjective evaluation made by individuals according to their own standards and combined with their own environmental conditions.An important indicator of the quality of people's lives.China is not only a populous country in the world but also a large country in the elderly.The dual structure of urban and rural population is also a distinctive feature of our society.Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has developed rapidly,but the gap between China's urban and rural areas in terms of economic,cultural and living conditions has continued to widen.Although there are many literatures at home and abroad to study the life satisfaction of the elderly,the research group is basically a certain province or individual elderly people in urban or rural areas.The data used are mostly local area questionnaire data,lacking the use of large-scale microscopic Data to analyze the literature on urban-rural differences in life satisfaction of the elderly.This article uses the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey(CHARLS)data to explore the urban-rural differences in life satisfaction of the elderly,and hopes to give policy development.The study was conducted to provide reference materials when considering how to better improve the life satisfaction of the elderly.Based on the previous research results,this paper mainly carried out the following work.Firstly,based on the domestic and foreign literature on the life satisfaction of the elderly,the factors affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly are summarized,and then the influence factors are further refined by using Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and social exchange theory.Secondly,CHARLS 2015 is used.The annual data,the descriptive analysis and cross-linked table analysis of the factors affecting the life satisfaction of the elderly,the comparative analysis of the relationship between the independent variables and the life satisfaction of the elderly,and the significant impact on the life satisfaction of urban and rural elderly.factor.Then the ologit model was used for regression,and the urban and rural differences in life satisfaction were compared.Finally,According to the consequeces of theoretical and empirical analysis,the countermeasures for improving the life satisfaction of urban and rural elderly were proposed.The main conclusions of this paper are:1.In the total regression model,there are 12 variables that have a significant impact on the life satisfaction of the elderly: age,marriage,self-rated health,IADL(instrumental daily living ability),degree of depression,chronic disease,living conditions,Child income level,number of sons,daily care of children,frequency of calls and frequency of meetings.2.In the urban-rural regression model,there are five variables that have significant effects on urban and rural elderly life satisfaction: self-assessment health,IADL,depression level,child income,and meeting frequency.Among the only variables that are significant for rural areas are age,chronic illness,number of sons,daily child care and telephone frequency,and only the most significant variable for the city is health insurance.In view of the research conclusions,this paper proposes different countermeasures from three aspects.First,the medical security: First,the medical security system that promotes the integration of urban and rural health care system in China,and secondly,it must meet different groups in urban and rural areas.The demand for rural areas should improve the level of basic medical care and medical services in rural areas.For urban areas,it is possible to appropriately expand the scope of medical insurance drugs and improve the coverage of medical insurance.Second,intergenerational support: First,improve generations.Supporting the role of family support for the elderly;secondly,for rural areas,we can encourage home-based care,establish day care facilities,and reduce the burden on families.At the same time,rural children should pay more attention to the physical health of rural elderly and regularly take physical examinations of the elderly.Encourage the return of migrant workers to achieve rural revitalization.For urban areas,strengthen public media's propaganda of filial piety culture and enhance communication between parents and children.Third,personal aspects: strengthen physical exercise,maintain a positive and optimistic attitude towards life and a good spirit.Advance with the times,and It will remain standards.