Research On The Rise And The Impacts Of The Alternative For Germany Under The Wave Of European Populism

Germany was the birthplace of the two world wars.After World War II,Germany carrned out the Nazi clean-up movement in an effort to get rid of its influence.So the development of populism in Germany has always been in a state of lukewarm,and it can even be said that it can not keep up with the pace of populism in other European countries.In this context,the AfD broke through the bottleneck of development,and realized the victory of the right-wing populist parties in Germany at the national and European levels for the first time after World War II,and deeply influenced the domestic political situation in Germany.This paper puts the rise of the AfD under the historical and cultural background of the right-wing populism in Germany and the tide of the development of populism in Europe,and tries to outline the situation and process of its rise in the past five years.This paper attempts to make a profound analysis of the reasons for its rise and its influence on the domestic political situation,in order to provide some suggestions for the study of right-wing populist parties.This paper begins with the background and the organization development of the AfD,and in terms of domestic background,this paper holds that the political culture has strong vitality.The development of tepid populism in Germany has never disappeared,so the rise of the AfD still can not get rid of the history of its right-wing populism militarism.The three cultures of militarianism,authoritarianism and cultural nationalism are intertwined to provide the ideological,policy and organizational basis for the development of AfD.As far as the international context,the outbreak of Europe under the current multiple crises,especially the European debt crisis and the refugee crisis,has enabled populist political parties in all countries to win the first battle at the European level with the European Union as the target of attack,and to lay a good foundation for domestic elections.The AfD is no exception.Founded in 2013,the AfD quickly established its own organization,pursued strict top-down discipline,and actively developed its own members.Secondly,it combs the basic situation of the AfD from two aspects:the program and the election performance.In the more than five years since its establishment,the AfD has successfully entered the German Bundestag and all 16 German state parliaments.Accompanied by the division of the party itself,its election platform has also evolved dramatically,from conservative protest parties to radical right-wing populist parties.In addition,this paper analyzes the reasons for the rise of AfD,which is discussed from two aspects.first is the structure of political opportunity and the domestic environment,and the representative vacuum created by the convergence of domestic political party policies has created poliopportunities for the AfD.So that the AfD has the possibility of success in the first place.The was announced by the German people's widespread dissatisfaction with the European debt crisis as an attack on the targets,and because of the refugee crisis it has been a breakthrough in the election.The second aspect is discussed from within the party,which is the most important factor in its rise and electoral achievements,including organizational ability,leadership quality,ideology and media which help the AfD overcome many of the obstacles to the development of Germany's right-wing populist parties.Thirdly,it is the influence of the AfD on the political situation in Germany,and this paper holds that this influence is profound.It has become the spoiler of the German political ecology,which has changed the territory of Germany's political parties,led to the diversion of right-wing votes,and the further fragmentation of the political party pattern.At the time,based on the breadth of the electorate base of the selected party,not only the voters of the mainstream parties but also the voters of many small parties are attracted,and the blow is fatal to the small parties.Since becoming the largest opposition party,the AfD has been active in the Bundes of Germany,extending the polarized politics to the national level and deeply affecting the political culture of Germany.Against the backdrop of populism,Germany's stable political spectrum has always moved to the poles.People who are dissatisfied with the ruling party are more likely to go to two extremes.Voters who are originally left will be more left,and voters who are originally to the right will be more right.Coupled with Merkel's choice to end her political career,Germany's political situation has added a lot of instability,German elections and parliamentary politics have entered a new era of centrifugation and polarization,and the whole of Germany's post-war political culture has changed.Finally,based on the above analysis,especially the burgeoning tide of populism in Europe the political environment in Germany,particularly plagued by the migrant and refugee crises,this paper argues that the AfD will not be subsided,and will continue to be active in the German political arena as an opposition party for a long time,and profoundly affect Germany's domestic political situation.But because of Germany's party political system and the AfD itself,the chances of its to become the ruling party are slim.