Study On Supply Efficiency Of Rural Basic Public Service Based On The Perspective Of Regional Difference

Since the reform and opening up 40 years ago,our country has made a series of major achievements in economic construction.However,economic growth and low ability of basic public service supply contradictions become increasingly obvious.The shortage of basic public services and the supply gap of basic public services between urban and rural areas well as among regional areas have affect-ed residents' basic needs and social harmony and stability.To meet the demand of different groups of basic public services and to improve the national overall social welfare,the party's sixth plenary of sixteen session put forward for the first time to gradually realize the equalization of basic public service,therefore the party central committee have issued a series of principles and policies promoting the establishment of basic public service system.For example,during the period of"twelfth five-year",our country first introduced basic public service system construction planning,and preliminary is to build a political system which covers all citizens and the core is the national basic public services system and standard.During the "thirteenth five-year",a much more rich and perfect national basic public service system is to be built,to expand the basic public service supply as the top priority.Meanwhile,on the basis of previous achievements,the basic public services are added,highlighted and expanded to further promote the legalization and standardization of basic public services.Although major measures and efforts made by the party and the government have made great achievements,due to the long existing "urban and rural dual structure" in China's basic public service supply and the limitation of government's financial ability,the basic public service supply gap between urban and rural areas as well as religions is obvious and grim,which makes realizing the goal of equal basic public services become a long and arduous task.At this time,improving the efficiency of rural basic public service supply to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas is and an essential and effective way to realize the equal basic public services.The study on the supply efficiency of rural basic public service is not only of great significance to the construction of new socialist countryside,but also provides theoretical and practical guidance and reference for the construction of urban and rural integrated basic public service system.So this article selects 2006-2015 Chinese 29 provinces panel data(cities,districts)in rural areas,and constructs evaluation index system of rural basic public services on the base of basic education,public health and social security,using the traditional DEA model to measure the efficiency of regional basic public service supply.According to the calculated result,the overall level of the efficiency of the national rural basic public service supply is low,and the low comprehensive efficiency of basic public service supply is mainly due to the low technical efficiency.Besides,the overall scale efficiency of rural basic public service supply is high.From the perspective of the change trend of basic public service supply efficiency,the three types of efficiency change variously.The evolution of comprehensive efficiency mainly presents four modes:growth mode,variability in low-index mode,gentle mode and stable mode.The technical efficiency presents three evolution modes:high value fluctuation,low value fluctuation and great rise and fall.The scale efficiency of different regions is mainly shown in three kinds of mode:ascending?descending and fluctuating.Based on efficiency measurement,this paper uses the variation coefficient analysis to find out that the spatial differentiation pattern of the basic public service supply efficiency is stable.The western,central,eastern regions' comprehensive efficiency of basic public service supply is ranked from high to low,and the western region has advantage of technical efficiency and scale efficiency in the supply of basic public service,whose comprehensive efficiency is the highest;Compared with the central region,the eastern region's technical efficiency is relatively high,but the comprehensive efficiency of basic public service supply is at the lowest level among the three regions due to the low scale efficiency.In order to further explore the main factors influencing the efficiency of basic public service supply,this paper makes regression analysis on the level of urbanization,the degree of resource allocation fairness between urban and rural areas,GDP per capita,human capital and the level of industrial structure upgrade.And find out that the five main factors have a significant impact on the results.Among them,the urbanization construction contributes to phenomenon that urban areas are more highlighted than rural areas in basic public service construction,which has a negative impact on the efficiency of rural basic public service supply.Besides,the fairness of allocation of resources between urban and rural areas can cause a certain degree of efficiency loss,also a negative impact on efficiency of basic public service supply.The other three factors have a positive impact on the supply efficiency of basic public services.According to the calculation results of basic public service supply efficiency and the analysis of main influencing factors,it is necessary to improve the supply efficiency of basic public service in rural areas from macro and micro levels.At the macro level,based on the influencing factors of the supply efficiency of basic public services,it should be emphasized that attention is paid to the construction of urbanization and at the same time,rural development should be promoted by promoting urbanization in or near places,and adjusting and optimizing the structure of input in basic public services.While emphasizing the equalization of urban and rural basic public services,the primary task is to improve the supply efficiency of rural basic public services though giving more financial support to rural areas.At the micro level,from the features of three areas of basic public service supply efficiency,cities in eastern areas like Beijing,Shanghai,Anhui which have higher economical level are especially low in scale efficiency,thus the adjustment of fiscal expenditure scale and structure should be done.Rural areas with backward economic development and insufficient input in basic public services should expand the scale of supply of basic public services.Considering the low technical efficiency of basic public service supply in central areas,the management technology and level of public service should be strengthened.All of which helps to improve the comprehensive efficiency of basic public service supply.