Legal Regulation On Media Reports Of Public Emergency Incidents

The frequent occurrence of a series of public emergency incidents shows that we are in the high-incidence period of public emergency incidents.Nowadays,public emergency incidents have become a serious problem that we have to face during the development of our country.And these incidents are also severe challenges for economic prosperity and social harmony.Since the occurrence of public emergency incidents is extremely sudden,devastating,and extensively influential,which make these incidents strong news,which also make the news media in the public events competing in the coverage of these incidents.Meanwhile,the coverage of public emergency incidents has become tests of criteria for comprehensive capabilities of news media.Certain news media pursue efficiency by sacrificing the accuracy of news,which may cause great social panic during the occurrence of public emergency incidents.Instead of satisfying citizen's right-to-know,these fake news may threaten the social stability.Thus,regulation on news report covering public emergency incidents through legislation has become a task that we cannot ignore right now.This paper elaborates the legislative regulation on news report covering public emergency incidents from four respects.The first part briefly introduces public emergency incidents and media reports.It first introduces the meaning and features of public emergency incidents.After that,this part analyzes the explosion accidents in Tianjin Binhai New Area as a case study,focusing on the positive and negative effectsof media coverage in information dissemination,agenda setting and public opinion guidance from the perspective of news communication theory,so as to have a more intuitive understanding of the problems of urgent news media coverage,so as to deepen the understanding of the value of this study.The second chapter analyzes the internal problems of the news reports from the perspective of narratology,that is,from the selection of narrative breakpoint and narrative focus of news text so as to find the problems in media reports covering public emergencies and the reasons causing these problems.First of all,from the perspective of narrative strategy,the excessive use of narrative breakpoint and zero focus perspective in the public news will weaken the communication characteristics of reality and objectiveness demanded by news.Second,this chapter discusses the reasons for this narrative strategy of focusing on disaster relief information in the current news.For a long time,in the process of media coverage,China has followed the government-led information dissemination model,that is,the reported time,content,and other key information of public emergencies events are controlled by the government.At the same time,the government's information dominance is protected by legislation,as a result,the media fail to get access to the information related to great social interests in the public events,which greatly undermines the public's right to know,but also deprives media's news freedom and violates the supervision of public opinion.The third part will introduce the development process of public information disclosure system and the legislation in new media.On the one hand,since the SARS incident in 2003,the public information disclosure system of public emergencies has been greatly developed,which established the information disclosure obligations of the government and its relevant departments as well as media's rights of news coverage and supervision by public opinion.At the same time,this chapter will also introduce and analyze the government information disclosure system of public emergencies in developed countries.Through the comparison of the content of information disclosure and conditions in applying for public information in US and Sweden's regulation with our Government Information Disclosure Regulation,we caneasily find differences that we can learn from.On the other hand,this part will analyze the problems of our new media legislation.With the rapid development of Internet technology,the new media has been developed unprecedentedly,but in the field of new media legislation,the level and content are not satisfactory,which leaves the loopholes to disseminate false information and violate the privacy of others in the coverage of emergency incidents.The fourth chapter will explore how to improve the news reports on public emergencies through legislation.The legal improvement of media coverage of public emergencies should consider from both government and media aspects.We need to improve the government's information dissemination system on the one hand to ensure that the media have access to information;on the other hand we need to find out the rights and obligations of media in public emergencies so as to protect media's reporting right and give full play to its role in crisis response,and clarify the legal liability of media.First,from the government point of view,to improve the media report of public emergencies,we need to speed up the construction of electronic government information disclosure system and its legislation so as to improve the efficiency of information disclosure;to improve the press spokesman system and give full play to its role in releasing authoritative information;to further improve our Government Information Disclosure Regulation so as to protect citizens' and media's freedom of information.Second,the legal improvement of media coverage of public emergencies should also promote the news legislation,it is necessary to protect media's reporting right and journalists' right to life and health.Meanwhile,we need to provide authoritative information for media and give full play to media in solving public emergency crisis.In addition,the implementation and protection of the news media's reporting right should also clarify the liabilities of media in reporting public emergencies.At present,China lacks the basic law such as News Law and Press Law to regulate media communication and protect the freedom of the press,and lacks sufficient attention to the phenomenon of new media communication in the network background.The lacking of new media communication legislation will not only blur the boundariesbetween freedom of speech and freedom of information,but also make it difficult to implement relevant legal protection and control.