Research On The Evolution Of China’s Poverty Alleviation Development Policy

The goal pursued by successive governments in China is to eliminate poverty to make the people of the country share the fruits of economic development.Since the establishment of a special poverty alleviation institution by the State Council in 1986,government departments at all levels have formulated a series of poverty alleviation policies,and the path of change in the poverty alleviation policy system also reflects changes in the government’s governance philosophy.Therefore,it is of great significance to understand the changing characteristics and logic of China’s poverty alleviation policy by using the method of policy quantification to explore the path of China’s poverty alleviation policy system,Based on the theoretical framework of policy paradigm,this thesis used the research methods of policy literature measurement and policy content analysis to do quantitative analysis of 205 poverty alleviation policy documents issued in 1986-2000,2001-2010 and 2011-2018 at the national level.This thesis selected four dimensions,including the number of documents,the main body of the publication,the policy theme and the policy tools,to analyze the changes of China’s poverty alleviation policy,so as to summarize the changing characteristics and impetus of China’s poverty alleviation policy.Combined with the public policy analysis framework,the change of poverty alleviation policy mainly showed the following changes: First,China’s policy system has developed from “loose” to “scientific”.With the increasing complexity of the role of poverty alleviation policies,the goal of poverty alleviation policy has gradually focused.The number of policy-issuing subjects has gradually increased,and the cooperation among policy entities has been consistently strengthened.A cooperation model with a few key departments as the core subject has been formed.The structure of policy tools adopted is becoming more and more reasonable.While supply-oriented policy instruments are the mainstay,the proportion of environmental-based policy tools is increasing,but the proportion of demand-based policy instruments is still small.Second,the policy process has gradually transformed from “development-oriented poverty alleviation” to “two-wheel driving development and protection”.Third,the value of policy has changed from “focusing on efficiency” to “focusing on fairness”.In terms of the policy change motivation,combined with the “multiple-streams theory”,this thesis analyzed the change motivation of the poverty alleviation.It was found that the problem stream,the political stream and the policy stream jointly opened the “window of policy” and promoted the change of the poverty alleviation policy.In the future,from the aspects of improving the content of poverty alleviation policy system,increasing the cooperation of poverty alleviation policy subjects and optimizing the structure of poverty alleviation policy tools,we should optimize China’s poverty alleviation policy to gradually establish a long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation,build a large poverty alleviation pattern covering the whole society and improve poverty alleviation efficiency.