Analysis Of The Governance Of Small Parties In The Coalition Governments Of The European Union Countries(2000-2018)

The political situation in Europe has changed frequently since 2000,and the ruling status of the mainstream political parties has been replaced.The phenomenon of political fragmentation has become prominent.Populist political parties have risen,anti-establishment,anti-elite social movements and extreme political forces have emerged,and political and social polarization has been intensifying.The fluctuation of votes and seats that received by political parties is becoming more and more unstable.There are endless phenomena of joint governance in European Union countries.Small parties play an important role in the coalition government.Small parties are an indispensable part of the party ecology,and this condition will last a long term.This paper combs the relevant data on the participation of small and medium-sized parties in the coalition government of EU countries from 2000 to 2018,including 48 small parties in the coalition government of 23 EU countries.On the one hand,using quantitative statistical to analysis the theory of party alliance and life cycle and political performance of small parties,and this paper also summarized the changes of election results of small parties in a period of administration and the gains in the process of administration,cabinet positions and policy propositions.The cases are classified in comparing analysis of its ruling situation,which found that the specific issues of the small party can attract voters and the primary condition for support;Small party's ideology and electoral strength is an important prerequisite for entering the coalition government;Through the control of policy-related cabinet positions,promote policy implementation and clear policy effectiveness,small party can stabilize the vote rate.On the other hand,exploratory analysis is carried out to analyze the factors of policy influence and the difference of the results of the small party's participation in the coalition.It is found that the participation of the small party in the coalition is related to the value of the participation in the coalition and also to the needs of the coalition party in the coalition government.The change of the external environment provides favorable conditions for the small party to rise.Through the analysis of the factors and results of the small party's participation in the joint governance,we can get the experience of the small party's continuous governance,especially the effective way to improve the policy influence,and putforward the feasible plan for the stability and sustainability of the small party's governance.Whether a small party can be re-elected needs to pay attention to four aspects: voter contact,policy satisfaction,party identity and social environment.Voter contact involves the distance between voters and political parties and the influence of voters on the behavior of political parties,which requires small ruling parties to contact with voters as much as possible to enhance policy democracy;policy satisfaction includes satisfaction with national policies and regulations and personal life,which requires political parties to effectively enhance the personal feelings of voters in policy;political party's identification needs individual politicians' charm.In addition,It also need to adopt as close as possible to the voters' cognitive behavior;social environment requires small parties' special action,which means that the main policy needs to focus on narrowing the gap between rich and poor,improving social security,social trust and protection of the national culture in ruling.In addition,the small party also needs to adjust its organizational structure in time to meet the needs of governing.