Turkey And Germany's Policy Divergences And Its Influence In Response To The Syrian Refugee Crisis

Refugee problem is a major issue in contemporary international relations and the construction of global governance system.The humanitarian crisis caused by refugee problem is an important part of regional and even global problems.From a global perspective,since the second decade of the 21st century,the scale of refugees has increased substantially,and refugees have spread across Asia,Africa and Europe,among which the Syrian refugee flow is the most typical.Syria has rapidly changed from an important host country before 201 1 to the largest refugee producing and exporting country.This "reversal" has had a profound impact on countries in the Middle East and Europe,triggering a series of complex issues such as governance crisis,social integration and security.Syrian refugees belong to the category of "war refugees".With the outbreak and escalation of the Syrian war,the flow of refugees overflowed,forming a serious refugee crisis.Turkey and Germany are the two countries in the Middle East and Europe with the largest resettlement of Syrian refugees and the highest social and economic costs.Turkey is not only the primary destination of Syrian asylum seekers,but also an important transit station for them to Europe.Germany is the main destination of Syrian asylum seekers,which forms the connection between Turkey and Germany on the issue of Syrian refugees.The continuous fermentation and escalation of the Syrian refugee crisis directly affected the interests of Turkey,Germany and other relevant countries,and finally led to the signing of the "refugee agreement" in 2016,laying the foundation for alleviating the Syrian refugee crisis and improving the relations between Turkey and Germany.However,the "refugee agreement" was frequently blocked in practice,and the disputes between the two sides continued,so the refugee issue became the focus of the disputes between the two sides.The evolution of the relationship between Turkey and Germany can be seen through the game of refugee problems,which is a new feature of the study of the relationship between Turkey and Germany at this stage.This paper takes "Turkey and Germany's policy differences and influence in response to the Syrian refugee crisis" as the topic to explore the divergences between Turkey and Germany on refugee issues and the plight of refugee governance.Therefore,this topic has important practical significance and academic value.Through literature analysis and comparative research,this paper briefly summarizes the emergence of the Syrian refugee crisis and its links with Turkey and Germany,combs the Syrian refugee policies and changes of the Turkish and German governments,takes the two countries' differences in refugee policy as the starting point,and focuses on the differences and the deep-seated reasons in distinct periods,and then discusses the impact of the differences on their respective and bilateral relations.This paper holds that Turkey and Germany have both cooperation and serious divergences on the issue of Syrian refugees.The common challenge of the refugee crisis is the basis for the two sides to reach a "refugee agreement"(EU-Turkey Statement).However,the two countries have profound divergences in refugee policies,mainly involving aid payments,refugee repatriation,visa liberalization and the criteria for Turkey's accession to the EU,etc.The reason is that there are obvious differences between the two sides in terms of foreign strategic demands,national interest concerns and economic carrying capacity in negotiation and performance.At the same time,the degree of difference is distinct between the two host countries and the Syrian asylum groups,including religious cultures,identity,social tolerance and concept,etc.The contradiction between Turkey and Germany lies in the fact that two sides need to cooperate to control the refugee crisis,but they often pursue the maximization of their own interests,which leads to the fluctuation of bilateral relations and has an important impact:first,it aggravates the complexity and governance dilemma of refugee problems,and causes a series of social problems in the two countries;second,it increases the opposition of bilateral relations,which makes Turkey increasingly inclined to take the refugee issue as a breakthrough point and strive for initiative in its relations with Germany.Therefore,the refugee issue has become the vane of the current and future relations between Turkey and Germany,and has formed a complex relationship with mutual needs,sharp differences,and fighting without breaking.In the long run,Syria's refugee problem can not be solved without the cooperation of the two sides,but it is far from enough to rely on the "refugee agreement",which does not touch the root causes of the emergence of Syrian refugees,and because of the introduction of "unrelated to refugee governance" issues,it reduces the effectiveness of the agreement in dealing with the crisis.With the end of the war,the two countries may have divergences on the return of refugees and start a game.