Research On The Vulnerability Of Cities Along The "Belt And Road"

The “Belt and Road” initiative is a win-win way to promote common development and prosperity of the country.It is the core of China's strategy of opening-up to the outside world.It has important strategic significance for the development of China and neighboring countries.In part,it is the hub of the “Belt and Road”.The development of node cities has a radiating role for the development of the “Belt and Road”.With the continuous advancement of urbanization of node cities along the line,urban problems continue to emerge,and urban vulnerability has become an obstacle to the sustainable development of node cities.This paper uses night light data,DEM,population,GDP,road density and other spatial data,and uses comprehensive index method,V-S-A model,risk analysis,correlation analysis and other methods to analyze the important node cities along the “Belt and Road” within a one-hour life circle.Systematic analysis of development level and urban vulnerability,using evaluation models to evaluate and analyze the vulnerability of urban ecological environment,resources,natural disasters,and urban social and economic development,and explore the spatial distribution characteristics of urban vulnerability,and find the law of urban vulnerability.Based on the correlation between the level of urban development and the vulnerability of the city,it proposes countermeasures for the urban development along the “Belt and Road” nodes,and provides a reference and basis for the sustainable development of node cities along the “Belt and Road”.According to the research,the following results were obtained:(1)In 2015,Bangkok had the highest level of urban development among the 12 node cities,followed by Moscow,Jakarta,Beijing,and Kolkata,while Almaty,Karachi,Kunming,and Kashi had low levels of urban development.Among them,Bangkok,Moscow,Jakarta,and Beijing are high-level cities,Kolkata,Xi'an,Ankara,and Warsaw are medium-level cities,and Almaty,Karachi,Kunming,and Kashi are low-level cities.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the urban development level of the central built-up area and the place where the residents gather is high.(2)In 2015,the comprehensive vulnerability of Beijing,Warsaw,and Bangkok cities was low,and they belonged to low-vulnerability types of cities;Xi'an,Almaty,and Ankara cities were more vulnerable and belonged to moderately vulnerable cities;Moscow,Jakarta,Kunming,Kolkata,The cities of Kashi and Karachi are highly vulnerable and belong to the type of urban high vulnerability.The fragility of 12 cities is mainly moderate,and the fragility all show a gradual diffusion pattern of “central-periphery-suburban”.The urban fragility is high,the fragility around the built-up area is low,gradually increased around.(3)There is a significant positive correlation between the development level of each city and the fragility of the ecological environment and resource fragility.The impact of urban development on the ecological environment and resources is relatively large;there is a significant negative correlation between the level of urban development and the social and economic development of the city.The level of development has different degrees of impact on the vulnerability of urban social and economic development.The region with a high level of development has a low degree of impact,and vice versa.The degree of impact is high;the degree of correlation between urban development level and urban vulnerability varies greatly,but it is significantly correlated overall.(4)According to the level of urban development and the level of urban vulnerability,the 12 important node cities along the “Belt and Road” are divided into three categories: “dual-height”,“single-height” and “middle-type”.Correlation degree of vulnerability,and propose countermeasures for three types of urban development.In the process of urban construction and development in the future,node cities must strengthen the governance of resources and ecological environment,strengthen the economic foundation,promote industrial upgrading,develop a green economy,strengthen infrastructure construction,do a good job of urban disaster management,and attach importance to the international cooperation environment.