Study On The Spatial Differentiation Of Geo-Risk In Latin America Based On The "Belt And Road"

The "Belt and Road" initiative,which was also called the Chinese Plan,was designed to build a community of human destiny.The advancement and implementation of the "Belt and Road" initiative is connected with the support and participation of Latin American countries.This study,which takes forward to the perspective of geographical risks,is based on the classical geopolitics theory.By analyzing the geopolitical environment of Latin America,on the basis of drawing on the research results of scholars at home and abroad,and combining the actual situation in Latin America,the index system of geographical risks assessment in Latin America based on the “Belt and Road” has been constructed from the international,regional and domestic scales;The Geo-risk indexes of 33 sovereign countries in Latin America were calculated and their spatial differentiation patterns were analyzed.Geographic detectors,which were used to analysis the impact mechanism,were used to detect the driving factors of spatial differentiation pattern of geographical risks in the region of Latin America and South America,Mexico and Central America,and the Caribbean.Based on the above research process,this article draws the following conclusions: First,the geographical environment in Latin America is relatively complex.Latin America has a vast territory,a prominent strategic position,and is located in the “backyard” of the United States.The level of socio-economic development varies greatly.No matter the geographical environment,geopolitical environment,geoeconomic environment,geosocial environment,and geo-ecological environment are relatively complex.Second,the geographical risks of Latin America based on the “Belt and Road”have obvious spatial differences.The details are as follows: The comprehensive index of geo-risk in Latin America has obvious spatial differences.The specific performance is that the geo-risk in South America is generally higher,and that in Mexico and Central America,and the Caribbean is relatively low.Because of the USfactor,South America,Mexico,and China In the Americas and the Caribbean,the international geo-risk index of countries is at a relatively high level;the regional geo-risk index of South America,the domestic geo-risk index,the geo-political risk,the geo-economic risk,and the geo-social risk under the domestic geo-risk index Compared with Mexico,Central America and the Caribbean,they are at a relatively high level.The geo-environmental risks of Mexico and Central America and the Caribbean,and the geo-risk of bilateral relations between China and Latin America are at a higher level than those of South America.Third,the geographic risk impact factors of Latin America based on the “Belt and Road” also have obvious differences.The main factors affecting the geo-risk in South America,Mexico and Central America,and the Caribbean are significantly different.The main impact factors of Mexico and Central America and the Caribbean region are highly overlapping.The overlap rate of the main impact factors between these two regions and South America is low.