Study On The Spatiotemporal Differentiation Of The Level Of Human Development In Countries Along The "Belt And Road"

The "Belt and Road" is one of a Chinese plan that faces Asia and Europe,connects the entire world,and builds a community of shared future for mankind.Countries along the route cooperate sincerely,unite as one,actively participate in the construction of the "Belt and Road",and vigorously promote the development of the "Belt and Road" initiative.Based on the theory of human development and sustainable development,this paper took 65 countries or regions along the “Belt and Road” as the research object.Firstly,the paper used the Reconstructed Human Development Index(RHDI)to measure the level of human development of countries or regions along the “Belt and Road”.The paper elaborated on the historical evolution of human development from sub-indices and overall human development.Secondly,exploratory spatial data analysis,standard deviation ellipse and other methods were used to analyze the spatiotemporal differentiation pattern of the human development level.Finally,the geographic detector method was used to detect the driving factors that affected the human development level and the driving mechanism.Through theoretical and empirical research on the human development level,the following conclusions could be drawn as follows: Firstly,countries with higher level of human development included Singapore,Israel,and Slovenia,and countries with lower level of human development included Afghanistan,Yemen,Nepal,Myanmar,Syria.China was a country with high level of human development.Secondly,from a global perspective,the Moran index of the human development level of the countries along the “Belt and Road” in 2019 was positive,indicating that there was a positive spatial correlation overall.From 2010 to 2019,the Moran Index showed a trend of declining volatility,which showed that the global spatial agglomeration of the human development level of the countries along the “Belt and Road” had a weakening effect.Thirdly,from the perspective of local space,the level of human development was in the high-high pattern in Central and Eastern Europe and the low-low pattern in South Asia and Southeast Asia.Yemen belonged to the "low-high" agglomeration zone,which was a blind zone for human development.In 2019,the spatial differentiation pattern of the human development level of the countries along the “Belt and Road”was mainly dominated by the low-low significant agglomeration in South Asia and Southeast Asia,and there was a trend of shifting eastward.Fourthly,the main driving factors for the temporal and spatial differentiation of human development levels included healthy life expectancy at birth,Internet penetration,per capita GDP,and average years of education.The temporal and spatial differentiation of the human development level showed a trend of change driven by single factors—multiple factors—double factors.