Research On Mineral Development And Social Changes In The Southeast Of Hubei Province In The Late Qing Dynasty(1875?1911)

Mineral development is an important aspect in the social and economic life of the past and the present,and it has a close relationship with the development of society.Since the ancient times,the southeastern part of Hubei Province has been an important mining and metallurgical base in China.In the late Qing Dynasty,with the intensification of the aggression of the powers,the objective needs of the country's economic development,and the rise of the “ industrial rejuvenation”,the mining industry in the region has ushered in another important The period of development.This paper firstly sorts out the background of mineral development and the distribution of minerals in the southeastern part of Hubei Province in the late Qing Dynasty,and initially investigates the mining and metallurgical enterprises and official institutions in the southeastern part of Hubei Province during this period.On this basis,it focuses on the status of mining management in the region.Including the formation of management and management systems of factories and mines and their drawbacks,emergencies in mineral development and government response.During this period,the mining industry in the southeastern part of Hubei Province experienced several business models of government office,government office,government and business,and business office,reflecting the rugged development of China's mining industry under the invasion of powers.The formation of some employees and resource management systems in the early stage of mineral development reflects the strict supervision and prevention of the mining area by the government to ensure the normal operation of mining development in order to stabilize the mining area.However,due to the inherent drawbacks of government-run enterprises,mining development in the southeastern part of Hubei Province in the late Qing Dynasty has many drawbacks such as overstaffing and inefficiency.In addition,in response to emergencies such as strikes and mine disasters in the mineral development process,some special mechanisms have been formed and some early laws and regulations concerning mining have been formed.It reflects the difficult process of modernization of mining production in an inland region under the impact of Western industrial civilization in the late Qing Dynasty.Finally,the article discusses the impact of mineral development on social changes in southeastern Hubei.Mineral development has driven the development of the local economy andthe changes of social customs,which has gradually transformed the region from the previously occluded agricultural civilization to the industrial society.