Practice And Path Optimization Of Third-Party Evaluation In Community Construction

Happiness is an evaluation index of social development,the community is the cell and microcosm of society.Only when the happiness of residents in the community is improved can the ultimate goal of "Happy China" be achieved.Therefore,many cities all over the country have put forward the slogan of "Happy Community Construction",which aims to give full play to the enthusiasm,initiative and creativity of residents,and make residents feel happy.So that the community becomes a "shock absorber" for social stability,and achieve the ultimate care for human life.However,due to the ambiguous responsibilities and misaligned roles among the main members of the community construction,the power and responsibility relationship between the neighborhood committees and the government is still unclear.It leads to the phenomenon of overload in the work of neighborhood committees,the phenomenon of over authority in doing everything by oneself,and the phenomenon of over function in administrating the work.As a "bystander" independent of the government and neighborhood committee,the third-party assessment institution evaluates the effectiveness and problems of community construction from the perspective of the third party,which is very helpful to promote the healthy development of happy communities.Therefore,in order to enhance the autonomous function of villages and communities,better achieve the goal of building a happy community,and create a new pattern of social governance of "active and good governance",S city entrusted the achievements of the construction of happy community to a third-party organization for evaluation in 2019 for the first time through the way of government purchase of services.Based on this,the author tries to take S city "developmental" happy community construction grade evaluation as a case.Use principal-agent theory to analyze the power-responsibility interaction between different parties in the process of third-party evaluation involved in the community construction;and analyze the problems and causes in the third-party evaluation of community construction from multiple perspectives by using the systematic theory.Finally,in view of the existing problems,this paper discusses the optimization path of the third-party evaluation of community construction based on the new governance theory of Salamon.The article is divided into five parts.The first part introduces the background for introducing the third-party to evaluate the effectiveness of community construction in S city,and based on this,clarify the reasons for choosing the topic.Through literature research,this paper briefly reviews the theoretical data about community construction and third-party evaluation at home and abroad,and clarify the definition of "community construction" and "third-party evaluation" in this paper.At the same time,combining the practical data obtained through participatory observation and field research during the internship,the author tries to generalize the conclusion of the article with a single case study method.In the second part,through the detailed analysis of the background,stage and the weight of various stakeholders of the third-party evaluation of the "developmental" happy community construction in S city,the author tries to find out the influence of each main body's behavior in different stages on the evaluation results,so as to lay a foundation for the analysis of the function and problems of the third-party evaluation in the community construction.The third part mainly analyzes the problems and reasons of the third-party evaluation of community construction in S city from the perspectives of government,society and the third-party institutions.The author thinks that due to the influence of omnipotent government consciousness,which leads to the lack of attention and independence of third party assessments;due to the low awareness of the third-party evaluation by the whole society and the influence of traditional Chinese cultural factors,the social participation and explanation of the third-party evaluation is not enough;because of the immaturity of the third-party evaluation industry itself,the evaluation activities are not professional,which affects the professional validity of the evaluation.In the fourth part,according to the analysis of the problems and causes,the author puts forward an optimized path for the third-party evaluation of community construction from three perspectives: government,society and third-party agencies.In order to make the road of third-party assessment of community construction better and further,it is not only necessary for government departments to speed up the concept of function transformation,improve the awareness of the third-party evaluation,but also for the residents to improve the community awareness and the public to improve their own supervision awareness.The academic community also needs to strengthen the theoretical research on the third-party evaluation and community construction.At the same time,the third-party evaluation institutions should also strengthen peer supervision and self-discipline,take a variety of measures to improve the quality of evaluation personnel and strengthen the internal standard management to improve the professionalism and credibility of the third-party evaluation institutions.The fifth part summarizes the article and points out the shortcomings of this study in order to further refine and improve the follow-up research.