The Study On The Risks And Its Prevention And Control In Government Purchase Of Public Services

Since the 1990 s,with the development of market economy,government purchasing of public services has gradually become an important way to transform the government function and build the service-oriented government.Especially since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the central government has formulated and issued a series of guidance and system documents for the“government to purchase public services”.These measures mark that the government purchasing of public services has entered a new stage of comprehensive system construction.The Chinese governments at different levels also have been vigorously carrying out marketoriented reforms in the areas of old-age,health,social security and culture by purchasing public services from qualified social organizations and private enterprises.However,with the promotion of government purchase of public services,the problems in the operation of the system gradually appear,these problems and dilemmas will directly lead to the government to buy public service activities of the increase in risk,not only will cause the public service supply efficiency is affected,waste of financial and public resources,but also affect the government’s social reputation,Therefore,it is of great significance to identify the risks in the purchase of public services and to strengthen the research on the risk prevention and control of the government’s purchase of public services.Firstly,this paper states the basic situation of our government purchasing of public services,then selects and introduces the practice of the two basic forms of purchasing old-age services and Baoan District in Shenzhen City to purchase public services from social organizations in Fuzhou Gulou District to private enterprises,and then points out the problems and risks in the practice of purchasing public services.Secondly,according to the modern risk management theory,the risk in the government’s purchase of public services is divided into internal risk and external environment risk,and a comprehensive risk identification framework is constructed.After the use of the principal-agent theory,risk management theory,multi-center governance theory and other theories,and based on the specific practice of our government to buy public services,horizontally,from the purchase of the main body,the subject of undertaking and the public three subjects of the detailed analysis of the existence of responsibility risk,moral risk,monopoly risk,participation invalid risk;The risks of supply and demand mismatch,contract management risk,rent-seeking risk,reverse selection and external environment risk in the three stages of government plan preparation,selection and implementation,supervision and evaluation of public service are identified.Next,on the basis of risk identification,the risk cause analysis is carried out from the five aspects of legal mechanism,role orientation,market competitiveness,management ability and supervision mechanism.Finally,based on China’s national conditions,this paper puts forward five measures to prevent and control risks in five aspects,which speed up the establishment of the legal system for the government to purchase public services,clarify the main responsibility,change the public concept,actively cultivate the public service supply market,formulate the management standards for the government to purchase public services,and construct the supervision and evaluation system of the government’s purchase of public services.There are some hidden risks in the process of government purchasing public services,but these risks are controllable.As long as the establishment and improvement of risk prevention and control mechanism,we can minimize the impact of risk factors on the quality of service,and promote the government to buy public services in a standardized and high-quality direction.