Research Into Mental Povety Of Rural Poor Peasants From The Perspective Of The Capability Approach

Poverty is a global problem,is one of the most serious problems facing the world today.In recent years,with the approaching of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,our country attaches great importance to poverty alleviation,and formulate poverty alleviation strategy,is accelerating the process of poverty alleviation.So,historic achievements have been made in poverty alleviation,the incidence of poverty has been greatly reduced,to some extent,the problem of rural poverty has been greatly solved.However,mental poverty has become an important resistance against poverty in rural areas of China,anti poverty has entered the stage of gnawing at the hard bone and pulling out the stronghold.This study focuses on the mental poverty of rural poor peasants,and D County of Jiangxi Province has be selected as the investigation site,the investigation finds that,as the deepening of poverty alleviation,D County gradually achieve the goal of poverty alleviation,poor villages and poor peasants have been lifted out of poverty,poverty incidence dropped to 0.43% in D County.However,at present,the poverty alleviation work of D county is still on the path of taking the administrative means of government departments as the leading factor,rural poor peasants is lack of endogenous motivation to get rid of poverty,on the premise of poverty alleviation,the poor peasants show a state of mental poverty,such as over dependence on poverty alleviation policies,fear of difficulties in their own plight,or willing to be spectators.The reasons are as follows: first,the lack of subjectivity of poverty alleviation of poor peasants;second,the unfairness caused by "elite capture" in the process of accurate identification and poverty alleviation;third,the neglect of bandwidth burden of poor peasants;fourth,the weak resistance of poor peasants to risk.Based on the the theory of capability approach,this study puts forward specific countermeasures from five aspects of political freedom,economic conditions,social opportunities,transparency guarantee and protective guarantee in combination with other theories such as empowerment theory,aiming at the mental poverty problems of the poor objects,such as "lack of ambition and intelligence","wait and rely on" lazy thinking and fear of difficulties and blaming everyone and everything but not oneself.First,in terms of political freedom,the countermeasures include improving the subjectivity of the poor peasants,improving the multiple aid system,integrating policies and systems,and increasing the creation of spiritual civilization.Second,interms of economic conditions,countermeasures include strengthening labor skills training,improving loan implementation measures,and improving conditional cash transfer payment methods.Third,in terms of social opportunities,the countermeasures include promoting higher quality and equity of rural education,improving the public cultural service system,and strengthening the rural information service system.Fourth,in terms of transparency assurance,the countermeasures include increasing the openness of poverty control at the grass-roots level,promoting the openness of the "three matters" of government departments,and improving the supervision system.Fifth,in terms of protective guarantee,the countermeasures include strengthening the medical security for the poor,strengthening the construction of social insurance system,and strengthening the construction of social assistance system.