The Intervention Research Of Social Work In Rural Area Left-behind Women's Emotional Needs

After twentieth century 80 years,with a lot of migrant workers out,There is a special group of people appeared in the rural areas—left-behind women.The absence of their husband,not only brings the changes of the left-behind women's status,but also influences their lives.Include their material life,work pressure,family and marriage,psychological changes,mental health.High labor intensity,heavy mental burden and the lack of a sense of security have become the "three big mountains" that on left-behind women's shoulders.And these have aroused the attention of most scholars.From the existing research,we found that there is not enough attention on the emotion needs of the left-behind women.so through the questionnaire investigation and interview,this research based on the survey data of Gansu province's Y village W village,we want to get the data of the left-behind women life's relaxed feeling,the happiness feeling and stability feeling of marriage,security feeling,and the sense of being respected and accomplishment.And at last,we want to know the present situation of left-behind women emotional needs and social support.And we want to discuss that at the situation of their husband's absence,left-behind women's social network is weakened or even interrupted.Then we want to know how they play the subjective initiative to meet their emotional needs.The conclusion of the survey shows that:from the emotional needs angle,the economic pressure and production pressure are the greatest pressure of left-behind women.Heavy burden seriously hindered their sense of lightness's getting;Left-behind women's marriage shows the characteristics of high stability.Their husband's absence did not have any impact on the feelings of the couple.But the emotion function of marriage is down.We found that the left-behind women's personal security sense is high,but they easily become the first infringement target of the criminal.On the other hand,the hardships of life,the coming of the risk society,cause their psychological security is low.When their husband went out,left behind women themselves happened a series of changes:They enhance the sense of self value,Their husband and family also affirmed their contribution to the family,so left-behind women's sense of being respected and accomplishment are also high.In a word,the satisfaction of women's emotional needs is poor,especially the lives relaxed feeling,bad mood and heavy psychological burden easily occur in their life.From the situation of left behind women's social support,informal social support plays the most important role:the husband can not only provide the practical support(the most important financial support)for left behind women,but also they are the major provider of emotional support,including major issue's consulting and spiritual comfort For the left behind women,the support of their own family also is the powerful source,including practical support(money support,production support)and emotional support(comfort);Their husband family tends to supply the practical support(domestic support,financial support),the help for the production and the prevalence.Neighbors,friends not only can supply items support,production support,but also provide social support,including going out together,participating in recreational activities,etc.In the formal social support(government,village committee,women's Federation),the most support they provide is the economic support.They did not provide specifically social support for the left behind women,but this universal economic support is still alleviate the burden of the left behind women's life some extent.In addition,the establishment of the "harmonious art team" enriched the left-behind women leisure life in a great extent in the W village.But overall,the formal social support is not the main source of social support for the left behind women,what they have done is not enough for the role."Help people to help themselves" is an important concept in social work,in the grasp of the data of the basic research problems,According to the actual situation,I decide to take the W village left-behind women of Gansu Province as the intervention object.From the point of view of"empowerment",in order to enhance self concept,awareness,self-esteem and sense of importance,and the mutual support,I designed 6 group activities to intervene the left-behind women.Through the individual level and the interpersonal level of empowerment,we want to help the left-behind women to improve their ability to meet their emotional needs and actively build the mutual social support network.Finally,through the description,evaluation and reflection on the group process,ideas and methods of social work in solving problems left-behind women can play an active role,group work can help left-behind women to "ease the bad feelings";It also can play an important role in the promotion of individual and interpersonal "empowerment" in left-behind women;In addition,mutual support groups can also meet the emotional needs of left-behind women.