| The construction of teaching staff has long restricted the development of rural vocational education in Hunan,and its main problems include:insufficient number of teachers,backward teaching philosophy and teaching methods,slow professional knowledge renewal and is out of line with the development needs of characteristic industries of rural or ethnic areas;the single teacher training approach and the training content can not meet the development needs of teachers.In order to overcome this bottleneck and further accelerate the pace of modernization of vocational education in Hunan Province,in 2015,this province initiated the directional cultivation program at public expense(called directional "cultivation" for short),which was at the undergraduate level and aimed to cultivate the specialized course teachers for rural secondary vocational schools,starting from senior high schools(namely secondary vocational schools).Directional cultivation is of great significance for promoting the professional development of rural vocational teachers in Hunan Province,improving the overall quality of vocational education,boosting the targeted poverty alleviation strategy,and implementing the rural revitalization strategy successfully.This article takes N university and the three other teacher-training butted vocational colleges as examples,which are the participants of the directional cultivation;it uses questionnaires,interviews and other research methods;and the learning cognitive theory,human capital theory,and teacher professional development theory are as the theoretical tools in this paper that analyzes the realistic background of directional cultivation for vocational teachers in Hunan rural areas,presents the status quo of its implementation,and conducts in-depth analysis of the problems andits causes in the process of implementing the directional cultivation of the four training institutions.On the basis of this analysis,feasible optimization strategies are proposed,combined with the realistic conditions of the the four institutions which are relevant to the directional cultivation.The research content of this article mainly covers the enrollment mechanism,curriculum setting,teaching mode,cooperation mechanism of cultivation subjects,and quality assurance system for the directional cultivation of rural vocational teachers.Through the questionnaires and interviews,it was found that the main problems in the directional cultivation are:the number of planned enrollment was not up to standard,poor connection between the courses from both vocational colleges and undergraduate colleges,low integration of professional courses and teacher education courses,obsolete course content,lack of scientific management for practical curriculums,prevention from excessive coverage of courses for the in-depth study,insufficient cultivation of professional affection on normal students,the enrollment specialty neglects the needs of Hunan's rural industrial development and the lack of quality assurance.And main causes for the relevant issues are:the direct one is of the inadequate propaganda work for directional cultivation,which is why the number of enrolled students is not up to the standard;the main reason is the lack of communication mechanism between undergraduate colleges and vocational colleges;and the direct factor that results in lack of professional affection cultivation is the absent normal cultureThis study proposes concrete and feasible countermeasures from the macro,medium and micro views:On a macro level,repositioning government functions and adjusting the curriculum structure;on the medium level,constructing a multi-agent collaborative cultivation model of"school-enterprise-school-school".And on the micro level,establishing the cutivation objectives that emphasize the professional affection of normal school students;strengthening the fusion and connection between courses;highlighting the authenticity and situationality on the evaluation model. |
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