| Yoga is originated from India and has more than two thousand years history.Yoga is a physically and mentally to exercise in the real sense that requires a combination of breathing,consciousness and posture when people exercising.As a contemporary popular exercise,Yoga is introduced into physical education class in many domestic colleges and universities,which is in favor of college students especially females.However,It is reported rarely that how much Yoga exercise stress in the college physical yoga classes and what exercise effects of more than one year's yoga classes.This research operates the principles of exercise physiology and exercise training to explore the effect of one-off yoga class and long-term yoga practice on the body of college students by monitoring the exercise stress of Yoga exercising class and also comparing the before and later variation on shape,function and physical fitness of college student's body for one year in the experiment,that provides theoretical supports for the teaching of yoga physical education in universities.Research methods:The study is divided into two parts: exercise stress analysis and long-term tracking and research.Study1: Monitoring exercise stress in Yoga physical EducationA total of 119 female freshmen in university were divided into 4 public physical education classes,majoring in yoga,martial arts,ping-pong and basketball separately.Polar heart rate with telemetering heart rate.students filled in subjective sensorimotor load assessment form after class and urine protein of student was observed after exercise.According to the video recording statistics,the density and MET value were calculated and the sports stress of all kinds of PE classes was comprehensively evaluated.Study2: the effect on the body of Yoga physical Education practicing for one yearThirty-two college girls form grade 1 in university were trained in Yoga physical Education for one year.After that,testing the index related to body shape,cardiopulmonary function and physical fitness make a comparison to before index.Research result:Study1:The average heart rate were 102/min and the maximum heart rate were 143/ min.The range of intensity was focused on grade 1 and grade 2 and MET is 162.5.Compared with other classes,the exercise stress of Yoga class was lower.The exercising density of Yoga class is 81%.The average grades of RPE questionnaire in yoga class was 3.3,which was the highest grades in the four classes of physical education.Urine protein(41 ±6.8 to 43.6 ±9.2)increased significantly(P < 0.05).Study2:1.Figure indexBody composition: the tested body weight(51.6 ±9 to 52.7 ±8.4 kg),skeletal muscle content(20.4 ± 2.7 to 20.7 ± 2.8 kg),BMI(19.4 ± 2.6 to 19.9 ±2.4)significantly increased(P < 0.05),body fat% did not change significantly.The body girth: the chest circumference of the tested body(83.6 ±5.9 to 81.3 ±5.9 cm),waist circumference(69.8 ±5.3 to 67.1 ±5.6 cm),hip circumference(94.2 ±6.0 to 91.4 ±5.6 cm),upper-arm circumference(24.9 ±2.8 to 23.3 ±2.1 cm),thigh circumference(51.7 ±4.9 to 49.3 ±4.6 cm),reduce significantly(P < 0.01).The thickness of skinfold: the arm of the tested body(22.1 ±5.6 to 17.7 ±5.1 mm),abdomen(P < 0.01,23.3 ±5.3 to 21.1 ±4.4 mm,P < 0.05),partes iliaca(14.6 ±4.8 to 12.3 ±3.2 mm,P < 0.05)reduce significantly.2.Physical fitness index(1)The three indexes of body fitness,separately reflecting flexibility,strength and balance ability,(69.1 ±15.9 to 63.4 ±14.4,P < 0.01,)plank(91.7 ±23 to 108.8 ±33.8min,P < 0.01),one-legged upright with closing eyes(59.8 ±43.1 to 87.8 ±73.3 min.respectively,P < 0.05)were improved significantly(2)The total score of students' physical health standard test was increased from 72.5 ±7.8 to 76.7 ±6.1(P < 0.05)after the experiment.The improvement of the related physical quality indexes was mainly reflected in the flexion of sitting position(19.6 ±5 to 22.1 ±5.4cm)and sit-ups for one minute(28.4 ±6.7 to 35.4 ±5.3,P < 0.01),which was consistent with flexibility and strength quality tested above.3.Physical function indexCirculatory function: quiet heart rate,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and other of the test body did not change significantly.Ventilator energy: the maximal oxygen uptake and vital capacity did not change significantly.Blood index: erythrocyte specific volume before the experiment and later erythrocyte specific volume after the experiment did not difference obviously.conclusion:1.Through monitoring heart rate,MET value,PRE,and urine protein in Yoga class,it was found that Yoga physical exercising had the characteristics of relatively low exercise intensity,high exercise density and high self-induced fatigue degree,which is a physical education course with a higher intensity of neuromuscular stimulation progressing at lower intensities.2.It is not suitable to use single heart rate index to monitor exercise stress in physical education class of Yoga.It is appropriate to evaluate comprehensively combining the value of heart rate,met with RPE.In addition,the detection of urine protein also has certain reference value.3 Yoga physical training for one year has a good effect on shaping female students' body and increasing the content of muscle,which are reflected in: the test body's weight,the content of skeletal muscle and BMI increased;The circumference of lower extremity and trunk decreased,and the skin fold thickness of upper limb,abdomen and iliac region decreased.4.The effect of Yoga exercising education for one year has obvious influence on female students' physical fitness,which can improve physical fitness of the test body,such as flexibility,strength,balance and so on.5.The Yoga exercising education for one year had no obvious effect on the cardiopulmonary function and blood index of the test body,and it did not have obvious influence on reducing fat. |
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