The Growth Environment Of Infants In Rural Areas And Its Relationship With Infant Growth And Development

The child period is essential to the development of a person.Organs and body functions have been developed rapidly as well as security and social emotions have been formed during this period.And the growth environment of infants is of great importance to their growth and development.The relative backwardness of rural areas has led to the weakness of the development of rural infants.Under the background of poverty alleviation,it is necessary to strengthen the targeted research on the growth environment of rural infants and their relationship with the growth and development of infants.Based on the relative scarcity of existing researches related and the growth data of infants jointly collected by the China Development Research Foundation and the Henan University International Center for Action Research on Education in Y County,Henan Province,this paper conducts many researches and makes some innovative contributions in the following fields:Firstly,analysis of the growth environment of infants in rural areas.Through the analysis and arrangement of the data on the growth environment of infants,the results are as follows:(1)Through samples from 6 months to 48 months,it can concluded that most of their infants parents(at least one)work in the far away provinces.And left-behind infants remain in rural areas for their parents spend less than 6 months with them annually;(2)The majority of the first caregivers of the infants are mothers,but with age catching up,more and more infants are being nursed by their grandmothers;(3)The sample families generally do not pay attention to the education of infants,so they have fewer books and little study activities with caregivers at home.And 47% of infants who have reached the age of kindergarten admission do not attend school.(4)In the community environment where the sample infants and young children are growing,the number of kindergartens is too small,and there is a serious shortage of institutions or venues for the provision of public services for infants and young children.Secondly,analysis of the growth and development level of infants in rural areas.This section is based on the growth and development data of infants collected by using age and developmental process questionnaire(ASQ-3).The analysis shows that:(1)The growth and development of most infants are at normal level,but there is a high proportion of retardation or lag in each energy area.The proportion of infants with at least one developmental delay or lag is up to 43.54%;(2)There are differences in the growth retardation or lag ratio of different energy types in different energy areas.In addition to the gross motor area,the rate of delay or lag in other energy areas is higher than that of parent-child care;the growth retardation or lag ratio of left-behind infants is higher than that of non left-behind infants in the communication energy area and the individual social energy area,and the growth retardation or lag ratio in the rough movement area,fine action energy area and problem solving area are lower than that of non left-behind infants;children who are not in kindergarten at the age of 3 or above have higher rates of growth retardation or lag than those who have enrolled in kindergartens.Thirdly,analysis of the relationship of educational environment with the growth and development of infants in rural areas.Based on the theory of educational production function,this part uses multiple linear model to establish an educational output model on the level of infant growth and development,so as to analyze the relationship of educational factors with the level of infant growth and development in the family and community environment of infants.The results are as follows:(1)In the family growth environment,the different care behaviors of the first caregiver are significantly related with the growth and development of different energy regions;the educational resources of the family are significantly related with the growth and development level of infants and young children,especially the books at home is significantly related on the five energy areas of infants and young children;Whether school-age young children are sent to kindergartens is significantly related with the growth and development levels of fine motor energy zones,problem-solving energy zones,and individual energy zones;(2)In the community environment in which infants and young children grow up,Whether or not a parenting skills instruction center has been established is significantly related with the developmental levels of the five energy areas of infants and young children,especially the fine movements of infants and young children.According to the above research results,this paper puts forward suggestions for optimizing the growth environment of rural infants and improving the growth and development of infants in rural areas.