Research On The Teaching Reform Of STEM Curriculum In American Universities

With the coming of the information age,the development of knowledge economy has intensified,and the competition of STEM talents has become increasingly fierce.Although the training scale of STEM talent in China occupies the forefront in the world,the quality of STEM talent is facing severe challenges.Nowadays.the penetration of information technology to education and teaching proves constantly strengthened,and educational Informationization is imperative.Therefore,how to make effective use of information technology in the teaching of STEM class and improve the quality of STEM talents are the core problems in the field of higher education.The research group led by Eric Mazur,winner of the highest prize in the field of global educational research——Minerva,uses Peer Instruction as the core teaching method,and a series of studies of teaching reform have been carried out in the STEM class of American universities by using specific technical tools.After 28 years of optimization iteration,a new teaching model which can effectively improve the quality of STEM talents and be widely used is gradually formed.This study takes the Mazur research group's classroom teaching reform as the research object of study,focusing on the application of technical tools in the process of teaching reform,in order to find out what technical tools they have used.How to apply these teaching techniques? What teaching problems are solved by the combination of technology and teaching methods? What experience can be used for reference? What is the enlightenment of future university STEM majors classroom teaching reform in China? This is also an important issue that must be emphasized in the current domestic STEM education.In terms of research ideas and methods,mainly adopts the method of literature research to collect and translate a large number of relevant foreign documents,to collate and sum up the origin,idea,course,method,applied technology and application principle of Mazur research group teaching reform,in order to fully understand the whole reform practice.Then,this paper,through the case analysis,analyzes and evaluates the domestic cases of flipping classroom application based on Peer Instruction,and promotes the localization process of Peer Instruction.Finally,this paper comments on Mazur research group teaching reform,based on the author's general understanding.By means of comparative analysis and combined with the present situation of higher education in China,this paper puts forward the enlightenment to the development of classroom teaching of STEM major in universities.The study found that Mazur research group's classroom teaching reform is a reform practice with bottom-up and problem-oriented,they want to solve the problems which are the main problems we are facing in the current STEM classroom teaching in China.They hold a consistent scientific attitude and principles in view of teaching,and advocate the use of scientific methods and means to develop teaching.The idea based on scientific discovery is the driving force of Mazur research group's long-term reform.The course of educational reform can be divided into three stages: starting stage,implementing stage,perfecting and popularizing stage.In the whole course of reform,they deemed the consistent scientific attitude and principle to treat teaching,and advocate to use scientific methods and means to carry out teaching.Scientific research based on scientific discovery,continuous optimization and iterative classroom teaching is one of the core factors in the success of educational reform.Peer Instruction is the core teaching method of classroom teaching,and all teaching strategies and means are chosen and applied according to the demand of the implementation of PI.In the course of teaching reform,Mazur team developed four technical tools around Peer Instruction,which can be divided into classroom response system and online interactive system.The function of technology in teaching is to organize,manage and monitor self-study of students,and to assist teachers to analyze learning and regulate teaching.Through the case analysis,the author finds that the domestic application of technology to support PI teaching needs to use a specific evaluation mechanism to ensure the effective conduct of pre-class preparation.The author interviews Professor Mazur with E-mail,the professor maintains that teaching technology can optimize the common problems of applying PI teaching in China.In terms of comments,the author deems that 1.Mazur research group is the first batch of Flipped Classroom practitioners worldwide.2.Regarding technology as a construction and interactive teaching tool can promote in-depth learning of STEM students.3.The scientific basis of teaching and the refinement of instructional design are important guarantees for effective teaching.4.Educational engineering can promote the development of classroom teaching reform;Mazur research group's classroom teaching reform can bring us the following enlightenment: 1.The reform of teaching methods should be placed at the core of classroom teaching reform.2.Tamping the scientific discovery of classroom teaching reform.3.Based on the teaching method needs development and application technology can make informatization teaching more vitality 4.Using educational engineering to lead better teaching.