The Impacts Of Working Memory,Processing Speed And Attention Training On The Fluid Intelligence Of Children With Mild Mental Retardation

Intelligence is usually considered as a relatively stable mental ability.With the improvement of psychological research,structure of intelligence has become more distinct for people and factors that affect intelligence have become clearer.In current intellectual theory research,some researchers divide intelligence into fluid intelligence and crystal intelligence.It is generally believed that fluid intelligence has a greater correlation with genetic factors.It is a person's natural ability related to logical reasoning.While crystal intelligence is the knowledge or skill acquired by a person.At present,studies have found that fluid intelligence can be improved through pointed training and these studies are mainly directed at adults or children with normal intelligence.However research directed at children with mentally retardation is less.Since brain of mentally retarded children is also highly malleable,it is particularly important to study intellectual development of mentally retarded children.Previous studies have found that basic cognitive processing capabilities of mentally retarded children are flawed which involves attention,memory and reaction speed.In this study,12 children aged 6-9 years with mild mental retardation were divided into experimental group and control group according to their age and degree of mental retardation.The experimental group received working memory,attention and processing speed training for 3 months,while the control group did not do targeted training.The fluid intelligence and general intelligence of all subjects were measured before and after using the color Raven reasoning and Wechsler children intelligence test scale.By analyzing the experimental data,we can draw the following conclusion:(1)there is no significant difference in cognitive ability between the experimental group and the control group during pre-test,so we can conclude that the two groups have homogeneity.2)After training,the experimental group found that the results of Schulte grid task,which represented attention,showed a linear increasing trend with the increase of training times.3)There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the scores of multiple tasks before and after the test,which indicated that the training was effective.(4)The fourth edition of Wechsler's Intelligence Test was highly correlated with Hinay's Learning ability Test.Based on the research results,this study draws the following conclusions: work memory,attention and processing speeds of children with mild mental retardation can be improved through training;pointed cognitive training can improve the fluid intelligence and general intelligence of children with mild mental retardation.