Research On The Influence Of Educational Level Of Women Of Child-bearing Age On Their Second Child's Fertility Desire

As an important instrument for regulating population in China,the birth control policy plays a very important role in controlling population structure and quantity.In recent years,problems such as insufficient fertility of the total population,ageing population,and differences in gender ratio have become increasingly serious.In order to ease these series of problems,the government implemented a "comprehensive second child" policy to liberalize fertility restrictions,but the effect of the implementation was as good not as expected,and the potential for fertility needs to be further stimulated.At the same time,the enrollment rate of women continues to grow,especially in the field of higher education.The proportion of female students in school has been surpassed that of men,and the social status of women has been continuous improve.Therefore,in the current social context,to explore the factors affecting fertility,analyze the reasons why fertility of women at the low level,and the educational level of women of childbearing age is a factor should be considered.Given this situation,this article uses the methods of literature analysis,theoretical analysis and empirical analysis combined with comparative analysis,uses the data of China General Social Survey(CGSS)and China Statistical Yearbook to examine the willingness of give birth to second child of woman who is at childbearing age based on the education level.Firstly,through the detailed explanation of the non-monetary income theory of education,the theory of influencing factors of individual's fertility decision-making,and the mechanism of individual's education level on their fertility decision-making,construct the mechanism of the individual's education level on their reproductive decision-making.Secondly,based on the statistics of the 2013 and 2015 two-year comprehensive social surveys(CGSS),we conducted descriptive statistics of the core variables of this paper,raise a presumption,and then used a discrete choice Logit model to analyze the relationship between the education level of women of childbearing age and their second child's fertility desire,the empirical study of the educational level of women of childbearing age on their second child's fertility intention and its generational and regional differences.Finally,the author compares the relationship between the conclusions of this study and the existing literature to clarify the meaning of the study,then put forward pertinent suggestions.The empirical results shows following,(1)Compared with non-educated women of child-bearing age,raising the education level has a significant inhibitory effect on the second child's desire to give birth,and there is a critical point in the influence of the education level of women of child-bearing age on the second child's desire for birth.High school education has the greatest inhibitory effect on second child's desire to have second children.(2)In order to consider the influence of intergenerational factors on second childbirth,dividing age into different birth generations.,found that the fertility desire of second child born in the "80" age women is significantly lower than that born in "60" years who at the.Women of childbearing age.(3)Reclassify China's region into three regions by cluster analysis,and conduct regression analysis separately to explore the regional differences in education's desire for second childbirth,and find that the impact of education on second child's fertility only significantly in regions land 3,and differences between urban and rural areas,the education level of women of child-bearing age in rural areas in regions 1 and 3 has significantly affected their second child's willingness to give birth.Finally,in order to test the robustness of the regression results,this paper used the CGSS2012 annual data to test the impact of education level on married woman's wiling to give second birth.The estimated result shows that the level of education also has a negative effect on woman's desire to give second birth,and the regression results are robust.The main contributions of this paper as followings,(1)Based on the fact that the birth rate of the second-born child is not as expected before,from the perspective of the level of female education,the impact of the education level of women of child-bearing age on their second child's fertility will be examined.Individuals,generations,and regional differences in willingness provide a new perspective.(2)Using related theories to construct the mechanism of the individual's education level on their childbearing decision-making,which is of great significance for explaining the reproductive behavior of women of childbearing age and predicting the future development of the population.(3)The results of the study have some policy implications,releasing fertility limits is not the only way to encourage people to have children.While women's socioeconomic status is improving,more social welfare and employment protection should provided.Eliminate the pressure of women's choices in home and work.Moreover,to stabilize housing prices,reduce birth costs,and provide more education and medical resources for women at childbearing age can guarantee the implementation of the "comprehensive second child" policy.